PROTISTS AND FUNGI

CHARACTERISTICS OF PROTISTS
PROTISTA- GROUP OF EUKARYOTIC ORGANISMS THAT
CANNOT BE CLASSIFIED AS FUNGI, PLANTS, OR ANIMALS
KINGDOM- PROTISTA
MOST ARE SINGLE CELLED AND ARE MICROORGANISMS
(CANNOT BE SEEN WITHOUT A MICROSCOPE)
SOME ARE MULTICELLULAR SUCH AS: VOLVOX (GREEN
ALGAE)
HAVE MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES
ORGANELLES CARRY OUT JOBS INSIDE A CELL
 REPRODUCTION
PROTISTS
ASEXUAL (BINARY FISSION OR FRAGMENTATION) AND SEXUAL
SOME ALTERNATE BETWEEN GENERATIONS (PARENT
REPRODUCES SEXUALLY, THE OFFSPRING WILL REPRODUCE
ASEXUALLY)
SOME ASEXUALLY UNTIL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
BECOME TO HARSH
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
TWO CELLS JOIN TOGETHER THESE ARE CALLED GAMETES
GAMETES CONTAIN A SINGLE COPY OF THE GENES FOR
THE ORGANISM
SPORES- REPRODUCTIVE CELLS THAT ARE RESISTANT TO
STRESSFUL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
 MOVEMENT
CILIA (HAIRLIKE STRUCTURES THAT BEAT RAPIDLY
BACK AND FORTH)
FLAGELLA (WHIPLIKE STRUCTURE THAT PROPELS
THE CELL FOWARD)
AMOEBAS MOVE BY STRETCHING BODY
 DIVERSITY
PLANT- LIKE
ALGAE- MULTICELLULAR PLANT-LIKE PROTIST
AUTOTROPHS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CONTAIN CHLOROPHYLL IN THE CHLOROPLAST
MAKE OXYGEN
LIVE IN COLONIES OR ARE MULTICELLULAR
 DIVERSITY
ANIMAL- LIKE
PROTOZOA
PRIMITIVE ANIMALS
HETEROTROPHS
TYPE OF LOCOMOTION
FLAGELLA
CILIA
PSEUDOPODIA (FALSE FEET OF CYTOPLASM)
NONMOTILE- CANNOT MOVE
 DIVERSITY
FUNGUS-LIKE
HETEROTROPHS OR CONSUMERS
(ATTACHED TO THEIR FOOD SOURCE)
HELP DECOMPOSE DEAD AND DECAYING
MATTER
HAVE CELL WALL AND REPRODUCE
USING SPORES WHICH COME FROM
FRUITING BODIES
 FUNGI
FUNGI- SPORE PRODUCING ORGANISMS THAT ABSORB
NUTRIENTS FROM THE ENVIRONMENT
CONSUMERS AND DECOMPOSERS
SECRETE DIGESTIVE JUICES ONTO A FOOD SOURCE
CELL WALLS CONTAIN CHITIN- HARD SUBSTANCE THAT
STRENGTHENS CELL WALLS
HYPHAE- CHAINS OF THREADLIKE FUNGAL FILAMENTS
 REPRODUCTION
ASEXUAL AND SEXUAL
SEXUAL
HYPHAE FORM TWO INDIVIDUALS TOGETHER
EXAMPLE: MUSHROOM
ASEXUAL
FRAGMENTATION- HYPHAE BREAKS APART AND EACH
BECOMES A NEW FUNGUS
BUDDING- SMALL PART OF PARENT IS PINCHED OFF
SPORES- SPORANGIUM (DEVELOP THROUGH
MITOSIS)
 TYPES OF FUNGI
ZYGOTE
SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES THAT PRODUCE
ZYGOTES INSIDE A TOUGH CAPSULE
LIVE IN SOIL AND ARE DECOMPOSERS
FUZZY BREAD MOLD
SAC
ASEXUAL AND SEXUAL
LARGEST GROUP
YEAST, POWDERY MILDEWS, BIRDS NEST FUNGI
MOST MULITCELLULAR
CLUB
EXAMPLE: MUSHROOM, PUFFBALLS
DECOMPOSERS OF WOOD