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A. GENERAL IRON ORE DEPOSITS
TYPE
1.Banded Iron Formation (BIF)
2.Iron Oxide Copper Gold Deposits (IOCG)
3.Iron Ore Skarn Deposits
4.Lateritic Iron Ore Deposits
5.Granitoid Associated Iron Ore
A1. BANDED IRON FORMATION (BIF)
Consists of repeated thin layer ( few mm few cm) in thickness
) of silver to black iron oxides, either Magnetite (Fe3O4)
and or Hematite (Fe2O3), alternating with bands of iron
poor shales and cherts, often red in color.
The conventional concept is that thebanded ironlayers were
formed insea wateras the result ofoxygenreleased
byphotosyntheticcyanobacteria. The oxygen then combined
with dissolvedironin Earth's oceans to form insoluble iron
oxides, which precipitated out, forming a thin layer on the
ocean floor, which may have beenanoxicmud (forming shale
and chert). Each band is similar to avarve, to the extent
that the banding is assumed to result from cyclic variations
in available oxygen.
 A1. BANDED IRON FORMATION (BIF)

The Koolyanobbing banded iron formation (BIF)-hosted iron ore deposits (total premining resources
~150 million metric tons (Mt), indicated reserves ~32 Mt) are located in the Mesoarchean lower
succession BIF of the Koolyanobbing greenstone belt, Younami terrane, Yilgarn craton in Western
Australia.
 A2. IRON OXIDE COPPER GOLD DEPOSITS
(IOCG)
Iron oxide copper gold ore deposits (IOCG)are important and
highly valuable concentrations
ofcopper,goldanduraniumoreshosted withiniron
oxidedominantgangue assemblages which share a
commongeneticorigin.
The key features include the following (Williams; P.J., 2005):
The presents of Cu with or without Au as economic metals.
Hydrothermal vein, breccia and or replacement ore styles,
characteristically in specific structural sites.
Abundant magnetite and or Hematite .
Iron oxides which have low Ti content compared to those in
most igneous rocks.
Absences of clear spatial association with igneous intrusion,
such as those which characterize porphyry and skarn
deposits

Malachite stainning, Iron-Copper-

Chalcopyrite rich ore from Olympic Sulphides lense from West
A2. IRON OXIDE COPPER GOLD DEPOSITS
(IOCG)
A3. IRON ORE SKARN DEPOSITS
These deposits principally consist of magnetite in calc-silicate
contact metasomatic rocks. Calcic magnetite skarns form in
island-arc settings associated with relatively mafic (diorite)
intrusions.
A3. IRON ORE SKARN DEPOSITS
A4. LATERITIC IRON ORE DEPOSITS
Lateriteis a soil and rock type rich inironandaluminium, and
is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet
tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red
coloration, because of highiron oxidecontent. They develop
by intensive and long-lastingweathering of the
underlyingparent rock.
Laterite are formed from the leaching of parent rocks
(sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic) and mineralised
proto-ore which leaves the more insoluble ion
predominantly iron and alumunium.
A5. GRANITOID ASSOCIATED IRON ORE
Iron ore mineralization
dominanlty Hematite Hematitic
ore with minor Soil

Magnetite associated
with Granitoid rocks Iron ore
(e.g. Granite,
Granodiorite, Clay
alteration
Monzonite, Diorite ).
Which developed
around contact with
sedimentary ,
Granite with strongly clay
and metamorphic alteration
rocks .
Clay minerals formed
between contact
intrusive and
hostrocks,
Hematite are dominant Hematite-
ore and minor Goethite

Magnetite, also pyrite

Claysilica- Chlorite-
and quartz as calcite clay Clay-hematite-
impurities silica
A5. GRANITOID ASSOCIATED IRON ORE
B. GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION
Geophysical techniques routinely used in an exploration
program to help the project geologist delineate areas
favorable to be target pursued. Geophysical techniques can
look beneath alluvial cover. They can be use to directly
detect some minerals, indirectly detect others, and to map
geological and structural features in exploration programs.

Commonly geophysical programs in Iron Ore exploration :

1. Magnetic
2. Resistivity IP
3. Gravity
B1. MAGNETIC
Magnetic method is one method of exploration geophysics that uses
the earth's magnetic phenomena to predict the structure or
geological conditions below the surface. Earth's main magnetic
field induces a magnetic mineral that is found on rocks below the
surface. Results of field measurement of the earth's magnetic field
as a function of position which can be used to estimate the areas of
magnetic induction.
Magnetic method is commonly used for precious and basemetals
exploration associated with rocks or minerals that are have
magnetic characteristic. Magnetic measurement is relatively easy
and quick so it can cover a wide area, but the Magnetic method has
low vertical resolution. This is a potential field characteristic such
as gravity and magnetism. Therefore magnetic method is generally
used as a preliminary survey to estimate the prospect area prior to
the geophysical survey that has a better vertical resolution.
B1. MAGNETIC
B1. MAGNETIC
B2. RESISTIVITY - IP
Resistivity method is a geophysical method used to estimate subsurface
geological conditions based on the electrical resistance properties of soil or
rock that is powered by an electric current. Unlike the magnetic method, the
resistivity method rather already in the data collection, but it has
advantages in terms of vertical resolution. Resistivity method is better used
for a detailed survey, so that the resistivity method can be complementary
with the magnetic method.

Induction Polarization measurements are made in time domain or frequency

domain, where in time domain the IP effect is measured by the residual
decay voltage after the current is switched off. The IP effect is caused by two
main mechanisms, the membrane polarization and the electrode polarization
effects. The membrane polarization effect is largely caused by clay minerals
present in the rock also caused by conductive minerals in rocks such that the
current flow is partly electrolytic (through groundwater) and partly
electronic (through the conductive mineral), this effect is of particular
interest in surveys for metallic minerals, such disseminated sulphides.
B2. RESISTIVITY - IP
B2. RESISTIVITY - IP

Bukit
Nangg
ai

Bukit
Sorik
B2. RESISTIVITY - IP

Bukit
Nangg
ai

Bukit
Sorik
 B2. RESISTIVITY - IP

Magnetic Reduce To Pole

Inverse Resistivity Section

Inverse Chargeability Section

C. RESOURCES CALCULATION
1. Block Model Calculation
Resources calculation based on relatively regular Geochem interval
data taken from drillhole , also relatively regular drillhole position
especially inside prospect area.
2. Voxel Model Calculation
Resources calculation based on one physically properties that
measured in the field (e.g. Susceptibility, Resistivity, Chargeability
etc.)
3. Solid Model Calculation
Resources calculation based on manual ore body interpretation which
digitized in several section.
C1. BLOCK MODEL CALCULATION
Gold Volume Tonnes Gold
0.0 -> 1.0 - - -

1.0 -> 3.0 646,875 1,515,200 2.23

3.0 -> 5.0 261,250 638,833 3.84

5.0 -> 9.0 176,000 408,473 6.70

9.0 -> 999.0 84,125 188,531 13.38

Grand Total 1,168,250 2,751,036 4.06

 C2. VOXEL MODEL CALCULATION

Resistivity Section Resistivity Voxel Mode

Resistivity Voxel > 250 ohm

C3. SOLID MODEL CALCULATION