The Circulatory

System

Key Idea: The circulatory system

transports materials throughout the
body
 3 Parts of the Circulatory
System
1.Blood

2.Blood Vessels

3.Heart
 Blood Vessels
There are 3 types of blood vessels:
1. Arteries
2. Veins
3. Capillaries
Blood Vessels and Transport
Arteries carry blood away from the
heart
Thick muscular wall
Veins carry blood back to the heart
Thin muscular wall
Valves prevent backflow
Varicose Veins
- Veins become enlarged
and twisted due to
valves that do not work
properly
- More common in
women
- Achy, heavy legs, ankle
swelling, and raised
spider veins
 Blood Vessels Continued
Capillaries move blood between
veins, arteries, and cells
Very thin
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=CjNKbL_-
cwA
 Blood Pressure
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=
Ab9OZsDECZw
 Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is a measure of the force of
blood pushing against artery walls

High blood pressure or Hypertension can

precede a heart attack or stroke
 Blood
Blood is a mixture of mainly cells, cell
fragments, and plasma.
 Blood
Whole blood is made up of different
materials:
1. Plasma
2. Red blood cells
3. White blood cells
4. Platelets
 Plasma
CO2 molecules move into and out of
plasma
Contains clotting factors
Contains immune proteins
 Red Blood Cells
Make up 40-45% of all blood cells.
Transport oxygen to cells and carry
away carbon dioxide
Have no nucleus and contain
hemoglobin
 White blood cells
Fight pathogens
Destroy foreign matter
 Platelets
Help form clots that control bleeding
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?time_continue=47&v=
xfZhb6lmxjk
 Blood Types
Protein markers on the blood define
the blood types and Rh factors
Blood types include A, B, or O
Rh factors tell us if the blood is positive
or negative
Blood types must be compatible for
transfusions
 The Heart
The heart is a muscular pump that
moves the blood through two
pathways

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
 Label the Heart
1. Aortic Arch 9. Pulmonary Artery (L)
2. Superior Vena Cava 10. Pulmonary Veins (L)
3. Pulmonary Artery (R) 11. Left Atrium
4. Pulmonary Veins (R) 12. Mitral Valve
5. Right Atrium 13. Semi-Lunar Valves
6. TriCuspid Valve 14. Left Ventricle
7. Right Ventricle 15. Descending Aorta
8. Inferior Vena Cava
 Cardiac muscle tissue works
continuously without tiring
The heart has FOUR chambers: Two
atria, two ventricles
Valves in each chamber prevent
backflow of blood

Muscles
squeeze the
chambers in a
powerful
pumping
https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=
ruM4Xxhx32U
 Circulation
The heartbeat consists of two
contractions
1. SA node, or pacemaker, stimulates
atriums to contract
2. AV node causes ventricles to
contract
 Blood flows through the heart in a
specific pathway
Oxygen-poor blood enters the right
atrium, then right ventricle
Right ventricle pumps blood to the
lungs
Oxygen-rich blood from lungs enters
left atrium, then left ventricle
Left ventricle pumps blood to body
https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=
BEWjOCVEN7M
The heart pumps blood through two
main pathways
Pulmonary circulation occurs
between the heart and the lungs
Oxygen-poor blood enters lungs
Excess carbon dioxide and water
expelled
Blood picks up oxygen
Oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart
The heart pumps blood through two
main pathways continued
Systemic circulation occurs between the
heart and the rest of the body
Oxygen-rich blood goes to the body
Oxygen-poor blood returns to the heart

The two pathways help maintain a stable

body temperature

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
H_VsHmoRQKk