Mechanical Vibrations

Name :
Umer Ilyas
Roll No. :
L1F13BSME0040
Section :
MB-2
Organization

Introduction
Industrial applications and its importance
Vibrations measuring instruments and there use in different
industries
Vibration Parameters, Acceleration, Velocity and Displacement.
Measuring Units
Vibration solution product
Introduction

All bodies having mass and elasticity are capable of producing vibration.
The mass is inherent of the body and elasticity causes relative motion among its parts.
When body particles are displaced by the application of external force, the internal
forces in the form of elastic energy are present in the body.
These forces try to bring the body to its original position.
At equilibrium position, the whole of the elastic energy is converted into kinetic
energy and body continues to move in the opposite direction because of it.
In this way, vibratory motion is repeated indefinitely and exchange of energy takes
place.
Thus, any motion which repeats itself after an interval of time is called vibration or
oscillation.
Industrial applications and its importance

Mechanical Vibration are one of the vast field in mechanical engineering in which
a lot of research is being carried out lately and trust me it is interesting.
1. System Identification: Suppose there is a mechanical system and you want to
calculate the mass, damping, stiffness etc of the system. You can do all that with
the help of vibration analysis. This method is used in structural health monitoring.

2. Damage detection: In case of a presence of crack, ultrasonic vibrations are sent

into the mechanical component. The vibration signatures thus collected are
compared with the without crack signatures. Through this technique one can
find the extent, position and growth rate of the crack. This is extensively use in
detection of extremely small cracks in turbine blades.
Industrial applications and its importance

3. Automobiles: During the design phase of an automobile, the mechanical

components should be designed such that it does not match with vibrations
generated by the engine or road excitation. In case it does, there might be
loosening of bolts, failure etc of part because of resonance. One interesting
experiment you can do is to loosen the bolt of a part of your bike like plate
mounted on the exhaust(dont loosen any critical bolts) and turn on your bike.
Now in neutral gear turn the accelerator slowly from zero to maximum. You
will notice that at certain time, the loosened part/bolt will be vibrating
haphazardly and making a lot of noise. That happens when vibration from the
rotating part of the engine matches with natural frequency of the loosened
part. Imagine if a critical component is designed such that its natural
frequency matches with the engine vibration, the results might be devastating.
Industrial applications and its importance

Vibration is used in the seperate out of large grain size and fine
grain size in which vibratory motion Is achieved by given motion of
spring.
To crush the big rock, and other mining application concept of
vibration is a used.
How vibration is measured?

Before taking a vibration measurement, you need to attach a sensor that can detect vibration
behavior to the machine that is being measured. Various types of vibration sensors are available,
but a type called accelerometer is normally used as it offers advantages over other sensors. An
accelerometer is a sensor that produces an electrical signal that is proportional to the acceleration
of the vibrating component to which the accelerometer is attached.

What is the acceleration of a vibrating component? It is a measure of how quickly the velocity of
the component is changing.

The acceleration signal produced by the accelerometer is passed on to the instrument that in turn
converts the signal to a velocity signal. Depending on the user's choice, the signal can be displayed
as either a velocity waveform or a velocity spectrum. A velocity spectrum is derived from a velocity
waveform by means of a mathematical calculation known as the Fast Fourier Transform or FFT.
Vibrations measuring instruments and there use in different industries
Vibrations measuring instruments and there
use in different industries
Vibration Parameters, Acceleration, Velocity and Displacement.
Measuring Units

The vibration parameters are almost universally measured in metric units in

accordance with ISO requirements, these are shown in the table. The
gravitational constant "g" is still widely used for acceleration levels although it
is outside the ISO system of coherent units.
Vibration solution product

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patented materials used in Silent Feet, the vibrations are actually absorbed
away so you can live more comfortably. In fact vibrations can be reduced up to
94.7% by using Silent Feet. Comparison tests have shown that Silent Feet anti-
vibration pads outperform the next best anti-vibration pads by 60%. The
extraordinary visco-elastic properties of Sorbothane even allow us to back
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References

https://www.bksv.com/media/doc/br0094.pdf
http://
reliabilityweb.com/articles/entry/how_is_vibration_measured
https://www.google.com.pk/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwicqPStusXTAhUCnRoKHXi_
AcUQFgggMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mitutoyo.co.jp%2Feng%2Fproducts%2Fmenu
%2FQuickGuide_Vibration-Testing-Machines.pdf&usg=AFQjCNEPNr3m-
YNSyFxFgTWH3o3YIXkfpQ&sig2=UeSd8eDwfSKWpg1ZM5EuTg