EFFECTIVE PARAGRAPH

IN TERMS OF HAVING
COHERENT, COHESION
AND DEVELOPMENT
Haiza binti Zamberi
WHAT IS PARAGRAPH ?
A group of sentences organized around a central unit
Focusing on one main idea
A basic paragraph usually consists of five sentences
Topic sentence
Supporting sentences (elaborations + examples)
Concluding sentence
ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE
PARAGRAPH
Unity or cohesion

One single controlling idea in one paragraph
Supporting details/sentences neatly organized

Coherence
To make the writing understandable
Sentences connecting to each other
Use transitional words

Completeness or development
 1 PARAGRAPH ;
ST

INTRODUCTION
Friendship is one of the most
Poorly developed
paragraph
precious gifts of life. A person who Lack of ideas
Elaborate more on
has true friends in life is lucky the
enough. Friendship makes life definition
thrilling. It makes life sweet and No examples
pleasant experience. Friendship is provided

indeed, an asset in life. It can lead

us to success or to doom. It all
depends on how we choose our
friends.
 2 ND
PARAGRAPH ; CONTENT
True friendship is POINT
a feeling of love, sharing and
Young Min caring. It is a feeling that someone understands
stated that and appreciates you as you are, without any
cohesion of exaggeration, flattery and pretensions. It gives a
writing feeling that you are wanted and that you are
focuses on
someone and not a faceless being in the crowd.
the
grammatical A true friend stands by you through thick and Should be under the
aspects of thin. True friendship knows no boundaries or content of choosing
writing. demarcations
No of caste,
cohesion & coherence in creed, race and sex. friends
paragraph No example to
Sentence structure error prove that true
Friendship gives us a feeling friendship is a
that we are not alone in this feeling of love,
world. sharing and
caring.
 3 RD
PARAGRAPH
Friendship is both good and necessary.
No transitional
Man cannot live all alone. He is a
words
social being. He needs someone to
share his joys and sorrows. Generally,
No specific
details or it is only the people of the same age,
facts to reveal character and background, mentality,
why etc., who can understand him and Not an
friendship is understand his problems. Friends are effective
good & needed for support and for sharing. paragraph ,
necessary Friendship is an elixir which is no cohesion
essential for a happy life.
 Much better 4
TH
PARAGRAPH
than
paragraph
They are needed to turn to when one is in
before trouble, and facing difficulties. According to
Theres a the great Roman Statesman Cicero
quote to Friendship increases happiness and
attract diminishes misery by doubling our joy and
readers
interest
dividing our grief. Friends are needed in
Without every stage of life. Friendship has no age
quotes, itll limit. Every group of people- children,
falltransitional
No flat and youth, elders, very elderly people, etc. have
dull
words their friends. However, it is better to have
No coherency friends of the same age group and cultural
backgrounds
 5 TH
PARAGRAPH Writer add
on a maxim
We need to select our friends very or saying
carefully. We have to remember the
maxim All that glitters is not gold. In the
same manner, we must not be moved by Increase the
apparent show of friendship. Many remain understanding
with us in the guise of good friends and of readers
lead us to the wrong path. Today, many
youngsters have become social nuisance
mainly due to wrong company and bad Poorly
friends. developed
lack of
statistics or
facts
 6 TH
PARAGRAPH
We spent much of our time with
First sentence is
not a strong point them. Their mental outlook,
to support main behaviour, attitudes affect us too.
topic Therefore, we have to choose our
friends very carefully. We have to
distinguish between fair-weather
friends and true friends. True friends
No coherency in remain with us through thick and
paragraph not thin while fair-weather friends are
related found only during sunny days
7 TH
PARAGRAPH ;
CONCLUSION
Lasting friendship is indeed, a blessing. Emphasize
Good friends are great pillars of life. They on the
help us to stand tall and erect in life. importance
Friendship can make or break us. It can of friendship
lead to good careers and proper living. It
does not matter how often you meet your
friends, but how much you care and feel
Can use some
for another in good times as well as in
transitional
bad times. True friendship is a great asset
words in
in life. well-developed conclusion,
and the readers therefore etc
can easily
understand
 In conclusion, based on the selected essay or
writing, every paragraph of the text is poorly
developed and lack of coherency and cohesive.
The main problems affecting the paragraph
from becoming an effective paragraph are focus
and development
The writer seems like to leave out some
important information and lack of idea to
elaborate on the topic sentence.
Therefore, in order to achieve and to have an
effective paragraph, every writer should focus
on the few aspects of writing which are the
development of writing, cohesion and coherent
of every sentence and paragraph.