SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT AND
DISPOSAL
Solid Waste
are any discarded or
abandoned materials. Solid
wastes can be solid, liquid,
semi-solid or containerized
gaseous material.
Solid Waste Management
Systematic controlof generation,
collection,
storage,transport,source separation,
processing, treatment,recovery,
anddisposal
ofsolid waste.
 The
Nature of
the
Problem
Change in consumption
pattern of the urban
residents
Lack of public awareness
and advocacy
Lack of civic
responsibilities among
Lack of coordination among
institutions responsible for
waste management
Lack of strong legal
framework and
implementation mechanisms
Rural-urban migration
contributing to rise in
population
 Waste Stream
The total flow of solid waste from
homes,
businesses, institutions, and
manufacturing plants that is
recycled,
burned, or disposed of in
landfills, or
segments
Recycling
Facility

Waste-to-
Energy
Facility

Landfill
 Recycling Facility
Collection trucks bring
recyclables to a Recycle facility.
The recyclables are unloaded
onto an area called the tipping
floor.
 Waste-to-Energy
Facility
In a waste-to-energy facility,
through the use of extremely high -
temperature combustion, trash is
converted into clean, renewable
energy that is used to light homes
and heat buildings. Emissions from
the waste-to-energy facility are
thoroughly cleaned using state-
ofthe-art air quality control
systems.
 Landfill
A landfill is an engineered system
designed for safe, environmentally
sound long-term waste disposal. Trash
is deposited in the landfill and
compacted. The landfills liner and gas
and leachate extraction systems
protect the surrounding land and water
supply, and operating procedures
include regular environmental
monitoring.
 INCINERATORS

A waste treatment
technology, which
includes the combustion
of waste for recovering
energy
 ADVANTAGES
Requires minimum land
Can be operated in any
weather
Produces stable odor-free
residue
Refuse volume is reduced by
half
 Disadvantages

Expensive to build and

operate
High energy requirement
Requires skilled personnel
and continuous
maintenance
Unsightly - smell, waste,
METHODS OF
WASTE
DISPOSAL
 Landfill
The Landfill is the most popularly used method
of waste disposal used today. This process of
waste disposal focuses attention on burying
the waste in the land. Landfills are found in all
areas. There is a process used that eliminates
the odors and dangers of waste before it is
placed into the ground. While it is true this is
the most popular form of waste disposal it is
certainly far from the only procedure and one
Source:
that may also bring with it an assortment of
http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/waste-management-and-waste-
disposal-methods.php
Incineration/Combustion
Incineration or combustion is a type disposal
methodin which municipal solid wastes are
burned at high temperatures so as as to
convert theminto residue and gaseous
products.
it can reduce the volumeof solid waste to 20
to 30 percent of the original
volume,decreases the space they take upand
reduce the stress onlandfills.
solid waste materials are converted
byIncinerators into heat, gas, steam and ash.
Source:
http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/waste-management-and-
waste-disposal-methods.php
 Recovery and Recycling

Resource recovery is the process of

taking useful discarded items for a
specific next use. These discarded items
are then processedto extract or recover
materials and resources or convert them
to energy in the form of useable heat,
electricity or fuel

Source:
http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/waste-management-and-waste-
disposal-methods.php
Recycling
the process of converting waste products
into new products to prevent energy
usage and consumption of fresh raw
materials.
thethirdcomponent of Reduce, Reuse

and Recycle waste hierarchy.

reduce energy usage, reduce volume of

landfills, reduce air andwater pollution,

reducegreenhouse gas emissionsand
preserve natural resources for future use.
Source:
http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/waste-management-and-waste-
disposal-methods.php
 Hazardous Waste
Hazardous waste is waste that is
dangerous or potentially harmful to our
health or the environment. Hazardous
wastes can be liquids, solids, gases, or
sludges. They can be discarded
commercial products, like cleaning fluids
or pesticides, or the by-products of
manufacturing processes.
Source:
http://www3.epa.gov/epawaste/hazard/
 Toxic Waste
is waste material that can cause death,
injury or birth defects to living creatures.
[1]
It spreads quite easily and can
contaminate lakes, rivers, and the
atmosphere. The term is often used
interchangeably with hazardous waste,
or discarded material that can pose a
long-term risk to health or environment.
Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_waste
Examples of Toxic Waste
In the yard:Fungicides Insecticides Pesticides Pool chemicals
Propane cylinders 5 gallons and smaller Weed killers

In the house:Aerosol sprays Asbestos Batteries Cleaners

Fire extinguishers Fluorescent lampsMedications Nail polish &
remover Syringes/needles Toiletries

In the garage:Antifreeze Auto batteries Automatic

transmission fluid Brake fluid Engine cleaners Flares Fuel
such as butane, diesel, gasoline, kerosene & lamp oil Oil & filters
Power-steering fluid

In the workshop:Flammable liquids & solids Glues Paint

Paint thinners Photo chemicals Solvents Treated wood Wood
finishes

Source:
http://www.recyclenow.org/toxics/toxics.asp
 Examples of Hazardous Waste
Oil-based paints
Paints, inks and coatings with heavy metal pigments
Fluorescent light bulbs and ballasts
Degreasing solvents
Chlorinated solvents
Lead-acid vehicle batteries
Pesticides
Cleaning products
Vehicle fluids: spent antifreeze, engine oil, hydraulic oil,
brake cleaners
Electronic wastes: computer monitors
Metal wastes: lead, mercury, copper, zinc

Source:
http://www.envirostars.org/waste.aspx
 METHODS
OF WASTE
REDUCTION
RECYCLING
Bring reusable bags/containers when shopping,
traveling, or packing lunches or leftovers.
Buy large containers or
bulk bins whenever
practical.
Have a garage sale
Give clothes and
toys to charity.
 Compost food
scraps and yard
waste.
Buy in bulk. It saves you
lots of money and
reduce waste.

Use both sides when

photocopying.
 In Recycling
It conserves energy.
Reduces air and water pollution, and
greenhouse gases.
Conserves natural resources.

Items have to be dry

Recycling takes time to sort and
dump items.
 Good
Afternoon!