Friday, November 2nd

Good Morning!
In the bellwork section of your notebook,
answer the following question:

How do your words have a lasting impact?

 Agenda
Bellwork
Unit 3
Introduce new summative
Why Shakespeare? DVD
Shakespeares Life and Times PPT

HW: Shakespeare Vocabulary Worksheet

William
TheBard
Shakespeare

1564-1616
 Childhood
Born April 23 (we
think), 1564
Stratford-upon-Avon,
England
Father was a local
prominent merchant
Family Life
Married Ann
Hathaway 1582 (when
he was 18, she was 26)
Three children:
Susanna born in 1583,
twins Judith and
Hamnet born 1585
Hamnet died at age 11;
the girls never had any
children
 1585-1592
The Lost Years
We have no records of his life during this time period
It is speculated that he might have been a teacher, a butcher, or
an actor to support his family.
In 1592, he is in London, while Ann and the kids are still in
Stratford-upon-Avon
 1590s
Queen Elizabeth I
ruled
English explorers were
crossing the ocean to
the New World
And travelers coming
to England LOVED
watching plays...
The Playwrights...
Christopher
Marlowe (more about him
later)
Thomas Kyd
And William
Shakespeare was the
original New Kid on
the Block
 The Theatres...
The Theatre, built
in 1576

The Rose, built in

1587 (Londons first
Bankside theatre)

The Swan, 1595

The Globe
(Shakespeare helped construct
in 1598-1599)
About the
theatres
Protestants
condemnedtheplays
Theatreswereonthe
outskirtsofLondon
awayfromthe merchants
authorities lawyers

Peoplewhoattended laborers

thetheatresincluded: prostitutes
visitorsfromothercountries
nobility&royalty
No lighting
No scenery--Just
a curtain
Could hold
around 2,000
people
Themostexpensive
seatsweredirectly
behindthestage,
calledthegallery.
Thoughthepeople
sittingtherecould
onlyseetheactors
frombehind,they
themselvescouldbe
seenbyeveryonein
theaudience.
Thetheatreswereclosedduringtheplague.
Costumes...
Richlydecorated
Didntalwaysmatchupto
thetimeperiodoftheplay
Lookinggoodwasmore
importantthanbeing
realistic!
 The Globe...
Wheredidtheygetthewood?

Canyouguesswhich
playwasthefirsttobe
performedinThe
Globe?
 Who were the Players?
The Lord Admirals
Men
The Lord
Chamberlains Men
(Shakespeare founded;
Richard Burbage was
their leading actor)
The Lord Chamberlains
Men performed mostly in
The Theatre
 Acting
The actors were all men; young boys (age 12-
14) played the female parts
They were considered shareholders and
owned stock or shares in the play texts,
costumes, and props
Their pay depended on admission sales
Actors only had about 3 weeks to practice a
new play
In one week, the troupes may perform 6
different plays (as many as 4,000 lines!)
By 1597, Shakespeare...
Had written the
following plays:
Romeo and Juliet
Merchant of Venice
A MidSummer Nights
Dream
The Competition
ChristopherMarlowe(15641593)
Hewasthefirstgreatplaywright,
pavingthewayforShakespeare.He
wroteandactedforTheLord
AdmiralsCompanywhichwas
TheLordChamberlainsMens
archrivals.Hewaspossibly
Shakespearesbiggestinfluence.

MostNotableWorksInclude:Tamburlainethe
Great(1587),Dr.Faustus(1588),TheJewof
Malta(1589),EdwardII(1592)
 1603
Queen Elizabeth dies
Shakespeares troupe
changes their name to
The Kings Men,
becoming the first
OFFICIAL theatre
company of Englands
new king, James I
 Shakespeares Last Days
Between 1611-
1612, Shakespeare
returns to Stratford
to his wife and
family.
Dies April 23,
Hiswill,whichhereviseda 1616 at the age of
monthbeforedying,leftthe
bulkofhisestatetohisoldest
daughter,andthebedtohis
53
wife.
Shakespeares Epitaph
"GoodFriends,for
Jesus'sakeforbear,
Todigthebones
enclosedhere!
Blestbetheman
thatsparesthese
stones,
Andcurstbehethat
movesmybones."
Love of the InShakespearestime,
Language everyonelovedtheEnglish
language.
Therewerenogrammar
rules,punctuationkeys,OR
spelling!
Thelanguagewasevolving
andeverydaynewwordswere
beingmadeup.
Shakespeareslanguage
reflectsthisfreedomand
experimentation.
Iambic Pentameter
Is a sound pattern
IAMB: one unaccented (or
unstressed) syllable with one
accented syllable
Its like a heartbeat: ba-bum,
ba-bum, ba-bum
Five ba-bums in a row make
one line of iambic pentameter
(10-syllable lines)
Example: he WENT to TOWN
toDAY to BUY a CAR
OR: In SOOTH / I KNOW /
not WHY / I AM / so SAD
 Why go to all the TROUBLE???

Using iambic
pentameter kept things
moving in the play
(like a drum beat)
It made the words &
play more interesting
It helped the actors
remember their lines
(like a song)
 Where Did it Come From?
The Greeks and Romans started combining
drama & poetry.
The English experimented with it, using verse
and prose in their plays.
In the 1590s Blank Verse (poetry that doesnt
rhyme) was the new Craze!
TheEnglishLanguageishardertorhymethan
FrenchorItalian,andEnglishismoreheavily
accented.
WhenShakespeareset
hiswordstoiambic
pentameteritis
comparedtothebirth
of
rocknroll:
amixingofoldstyles
andnewsounds.
 Whatwouldyoudoifyoujust
lostyouronlycopyofthepaper
youwrote?
In Shakespeares time, you only had one copy of a
play, and after you wrote it for the acting company,
you no longer owned it!

Scripts were thrown out when they were no longer

wanted or needed.

NO copies of Shakespeares plays in his own

handwriting have survived. The only known evidence
of anything in his handwriting is his signature (shown
above) on the play Sir Thomas More that Shakespeare
might have written.
 Companies may
perform plays for
years before they
became printed.
Plays werent thought
of as works of
literature. They were
entertainment.
Quartos
Small books of published plays
were called quartos.
The first published works of
Shakespeares vary
considerably, making it
probable that they were written
from actors memories, or
shorthand notes from a scribe
working for a publisher, as
opposed to Shakespeare
himself.
Scholars believe these are
faulty versions, calling them
bad quartos. Or as we say
today, Pirated versions.
 Plagiarism back then?
Acting troupes didnt want other
acting troupes stealing and
performing their plays.
It was common that people
would go watch the play and
write down the lines they
remembered, then sell the
quartos to other acting
troupes.
Many think that much of Itsays,inshort:becausethe
Shakespeares own work was authorisdead,wearewriting
stolen from other playwrights. thisforhim...
Remember, back then there were
no copyright laws!
 The first full collection of
Shakespeares work was
published in 1623, seven years
after his death.
It was called First Folio
It contained 36 plays (compiled
by John Heminge and Henry
Condell--friends and fellow
actors of Shakespeares)
 A Case of Bad Editing!
First Folio, as well as
many other works at that
time, contained many
errors, due to the fact
sometimes the printers
could not read the
handwriting and had to
memorize the lines as they
set them on the press.
The printers were the ones
who decided how a line
should be punctuated &
spelled (not the writers)!
 First Folio contained multiple
errors--for example, there was no
indication where Acts or Scenes
began or ended.
Todays Act and Scene divisions
are based on shrewd guesses by
generations of editors.
There are many uncertainties, so
even todays editions have
variations in the text.
Why study Shakespeare?

Chancesare,youve
quotedShakespeare
withoutevenknowingit!
Haveyoueversaidthe
following...
 inapickle

ItsGreektome.
Toomuchofa
goodthing.
asluckwouldhaveit
goodriddance

deadasadoornail

foulplay
alaughingstock
aneyesore
sendmepacking
withoutrhymeor
reason
 Even today,
Shakespeare lives on.

Wecanrelatetohistalesof
love,hatred,revenge,
courage,trustand
deception.
Somuchofourworldtoday
hasbeeninfluencedby
Shakespeare.
Alls Well That
Ends Well

T.Orman,20022003
 Teachers Notes:
Slide 15:
They got the wood from the dismantled The Theatre.
Because of a problem with the lease, they took it apart (plank
by plank), stored it, then built The Globe using the same
wood.
First play performed in the new Globe was The Tragedy of
Julius Caesar
 Answers to the Shakespeare Questions/Notes Handout

(Offered as a free download to go with this Powerpoint)

1. Shakespeares date of birth: April 23, 1564
2. Where was Shakespeare born? Stratford-Upon-Avon, England
3. How many children did Shakespeare have? 3 Names: Susanna, Judith, & Hamnet
4. Who was the ruler of England in the 1590s? Queen Elizabeth I
5. Name two other playwrights: Christopher Marlowe & Thomas Kyd
6. What is the name of the first theatre built in London? The Theatre
7. What were the seats called behind the stage? The gallery
8. Were they cheaper or more expensive than the other seats? Most expensive
9. Which theatre was constructed from the wood of the theatre in question #6? The Globe
10. What was the name of Shakespeares acting troupe (either before or after they changed their name)? The Lord
Chamberlains Men
11. What did the actors pay depend upon? The admission sales
12. Give three facts about Christopher Marlowe: first great playwright; wrote/acted for Lord Admirals Company;
Shakespeares arch-rival; Shakespeares biggest influence; Notable works: Tamburlainethe Great, Dr. Faustus, The
Jew of Malta, Edward II
13. Shakespeares date of death:
14. What is iambic pentameter? A sound pattern; IAMB is one unaccented syllable with one accented syllable.
15. How many syllables is in one line of iambic pentameter? 10
16. Why was iambic pentameter used? (Three reasons)Kept things moving (like a drum beat), made the words & play more
interesting, helped actors remember their lines
17. What are quartos? Small books of published plays.
18. What was the name of the first printed complete work of Shakespeares? First Folio
19. Give one reason why many mistakes were made in these first printings: 1. Printers could not read the handwriting; 2.
Printers had to memorize the lines as they set them on the press; 3. Printers decided how a line should be
punctuated & spelled.
20. What was missing from that first edition (missing from the plays)? The divisions betweens Acts and Scenes were
missing.
21. Write at least two sayings/phrases that Shakespeare created: (Any from the slides will do)
22. Why do we study Shakespeare today? We can relate to his themes of love, hatred, revenge, courage, trust, deception;
our world has been greatly influenced by Shakespeare.