Social Conflict and Disaster

Management in Indonesia

Sugma AP,MD,MARS
Disaster History
 Supermarket of Disaster

Earth Tsunami landslide volcanic drought Conflict

quake flood Hurricane eruption Forest fire
Disaster and Emergency Mapping (V. Nath, WHO)

NAD W. Kalimantan C. Kalimantan S. Kalimantan E. Kalimantan Gorontalo N. Sulawesi

2,3,4,5,6,7,13 1,3,8,4,6,10,9,5,11, 6.10,8,9,3,11,7, 3,10,5,13,14 3,10, 8,9,5,14 3,14 1,3,8,2,4,11,13,14
,14 13,14 14
N. Sumatra C. Sulawesi
3,4,7,14 2,3,6,9,7,13,14

W Sumatra S. Sulawesi
1,2, 3,4,6,7,13,14
3,4,8,11,14
Bangka S.E Sulawesi
Belitung 3,6,14
3,14
S. Sumatra
N.Maluku
3,4,14
2,4,6,7,9,13,14
Riau
3,5,7,8,14 Papua
2,3,4,6,7,9,11,1
Kep Riau 3,14
14
3
Lampung Maluku
2,3,14 2,3,6,7,9,11,13,
14
Bengkulu
2,4,14 NTT
1,3,6,9,11,2,13,
Jambi
4,5,14
3,14
Jakarta W, Java C. Java Jogyakarta E. java Bali NTB
Banten
3,4,6,7,9, 14 2,3,4,5,6,7,11, 1,2,3,4,5,9,11, 1,2,11,14 1,2, 3,5,6,7,9 2,3,4,6,7,9,14 3,6,2,9,4,5,11,7,1
2,3,5,12,14
14 12,14 ,11,12,13,14, 4

Type of Emergency and Disaster

1. Volcano 5. Hurricane 9. Disease outbreak 13. Tsunami
2. Earthquake 6. Conflict 10. storm 14. Transportation
3. Flood 7. Terrorism 11. Drought Accident
4. Landslide 8. Environment Pollution 12. Industrial Accident
 Type of Disaster

Natural made disaster.

Man made disaster.

Mixed disaster.
 Floods
Big city such as Jakarta.
Lack of water drainage.
Bad human habits.
Heavy rain.

Diarrhea, acute respiratory

syndrome, and skin disease
are common.
Earthquake

Natural made.
the worst earthquake in
Yogyakarta and Bukittinggi.
it causes many damages,
trauma and injury.
 Lapindo Mud

Natural triggered by man

made disaster.
It causes exodus and conflict.
Disease emerges at the
evacuation place.
Lapindo Mud
 Local inhabitants demonstration.
They sued the government and
Lapindo company for their financial
loss.
Tsunami
Natural made disaster.
The worst tsunami is in Aceh at
2004.
It causes many damages, injury,
trauma and deaths.
 Tsunami

After

Before
Volcanic Eruption

Indonesia has so many volcanic mountains.

They have exploded several time since many
years ago.
It causes exodus and psychological trauma.
The particles can cause respiratory disease.
The other diseases emerge at the evacuation
place.
 Conflict
So many differences mean so many conflict risks.
Man made disaster.
It often takes place at the big city such as Jakarta.
It causes psychological and physical trauma, injury and damages.
 National Strategy
The launch of Disaster Management Act No.
24/2007.
The forming of National Coordination Agency for
Disaster. It is arranged from the highest level
(national) to the lowest level (sub-district).
Empowering every element of community in
disaster management activities (such as
training, dissemination of information, charity).
Allocating money for disaster preparedness from
national income.
Bakornas (National Coordination
Agency)
Based on Keppres No. 3, 2001

National level Bakornas PBP

Leader: President

Province level Satkorlak PBP

Leader: Governor

District level Satlak PBP

Leader: Bupati

Sub district level Satgas PBP

Leader: Camat/Kades
 National Coordination Agency

Head of Tele- Head of Security Head of Heath Head of

communication and prosperity Transportation
(PR, radio, public
communication)
Head of Need and Etc
Damage Assessment
Head of Policy Making
(Legislative and Executive
Representative)
 Communication Path on Disaster in
Indonesia
Bakornas Ministry Member

Leader of Army
Meteorology National level
and Geophysics Board of National Coordination Agency Disaster Management
Center Unit

Implementer Unit
SAR Agency

Province level
Governor
Functional Unit of Disaster Coordination
PMK
Flood
District level
Bupati
Disaster Implementer Unit

Volcanology
Center
Sub district level Kades/Camat
Local leader
Emergency Response

Military first!
SAR team and other well-trained group.
Rescue and evacuate the victims.
Rapid assessment.
 Skills and knowledges are needed:

Basic Life Support. Disaster

Advanced Cardiac management.
Life Support. Disaster
Advanced Trauma epidemiology.
Life Support. Survival training.
Etc.
 Disaster Related Diseases
Floods Diarrhea and skin
disease.
Earthquake Fracture and injury.
Volcano eruption Diarrhea, burn injury,
mental disorder.
Tsunami Deaths, fracture,
injury.
Transportation
Recovery
Evacuation place.
Water, food and health service.
Security.
Field hospital.
Temporary housing
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

Rebuild the housing.

Rebuild the infrastructure system.
Mental and social rehabilitation.
Empowering the Local Community

Donation management.
The use of local community
surrounding the disaster place.
The GO and NGOs role.
 Disaster Preparedness

Search and rescue training

Evacuation training for v

Disaster Preparedness

Disaster management training for

local Health official.
Disaster and emergency training for
health worker.
Disaster Management Workshop for Health
Official at District Level in NAD

In class
lecturing
 Outside activities

Vulnerability assessment
GIS
Our Blessed Mosque
Rebuild
 Local Organization
Indonesia Red Cross (GO).
Indonesia Red Crescent (NGO).
Integrated Crisis Tackling Center (Health
Department).
Indonesia Disaster Care Community (NGO).
Health Research Center for Crisis & Disaster
(FPH-UI).
Disaster Quick Response Act (NGO).
Etc.
University Student Activity
Community dedication
Mass treatment