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    1) Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that results in intellectual disability and physical features. The three main types are Trisomy 21, Translocation, and Mosaicism. 2) Common oral effects of Down syndrome include a fissured tongue, macroglossia, hypotonia, malocclusion, tooth anomalies like missing teeth and short roots, and an increased risk of periodontal disease. 3) Dental hygiene management of patients with Down syndrome includes regular recalls every 3-4 months, dietary counseling, topical fluoride application, use of chlorhexidine rinse, and considerations for their appointments like scheduling in the morning and providing clear instructions.

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    1) Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that results in intellectual disability and physical features. The three main types are Trisomy 21, Translocation, and Mosaicism. 2) Common oral effects of Down syndrome include a fissured tongue, macroglossia, hypotonia, malocclusion, tooth anomalies like missing teeth and short roots, and an increased risk of periodontal disease. 3) Dental hygiene management of patients with Down syndrome includes regular recalls every 3-4 months, dietary counseling, topical fluoride application, use of chlorhexidine rinse, and considerations for their appointments like scheduling in the morning and providing clear instructions.

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    57 views20 pages

    Lisa Hoang - Patients With Down Syndrome Powerpoint

    Uploaded by

    api-358056217
    1) Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that results in intellectual disability and physical features. The three main types are Trisomy 21, Translocation, and Mosaicism. 2) Common oral effects of Down syndrome include a fissured tongue, macroglossia, hypotonia, malocclusion, tooth anomalies like missing teeth and short roots, and an increased risk of periodontal disease. 3) Dental hygiene management of patients with Down syndrome includes regular recalls every 3-4 months, dietary counseling, topical fluoride application, use of chlorhexidine rinse, and considerations for their appointments like scheduling in the morning and providing clear instructions.

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    of 20

    PAT I E N T S

    WITH
    DOWN
    SYNDROM
    E
    LISA HOANG, RDA, RDH, BS
    GRADUATE LEARNER, UCSF
    SEPTEMBER 6, 2016
    LEARNING OBJECTIVES

    1. Graduate learners will be able to identify at least 2 types of Down


    Syndrome by the end of this lecture
    2. Graduate learners will be able to recognize 1-2 oral effects of Down
    Syndrome by the end of this lecture
    WHAT IS DOWN SYNDROME
    (DS)?
    It is a chromosomal disorder resulting in intellectual disability and
    specific physical features
    1 in 700 babies in United States
    Increases with increased maternal age
    TYPES OF DOWN SYNDROME

    Trisomy
    21

    Mosaicism
    Down
    Syndrome Translocation
    TRISOMY 21

    Most common
    91% of people
    Extra 21st chromosome
    TRANSLOCATION

    4% of people
    Part of 21st chromosome breaks off and
    attaches to another chromosome
    MOSAICISM

    1% of people
    Uneven balance of chromosomes in cells
    (46 vs 47)
    OROFACIAL FEATURES
    Fissured tongue (halitosis)
    Macroglossia (large tongue)
    Hypotonia (low muscle tone)
    Low muscle tone & large
    tongue lead to an open
    mouth posture
    MALOCCULSION
    Small midface
    Small upper jaw
    Crossbite
    Open bite
    Crowded teeth
    Impacted cannies
    TOOTH ANOMALIES
    Congenitally missing teeth Delayed eruption of teeth
    3rd molars, laterals & mandibular
    Primary teeth age 2
    2nd bicuspid
    Complete dentition age 4 to
    5
    Retained primary teeth till
    age 14 to 15
    TOOTH ANOMALIES
    (CONT)
    Short roots
    Small crowns
    Microdontia
    Small teeth
    Can result in spacing between teeth
    PERIODONTAL DISEASE
    Increase risk for periodontal
    disease
    Due to impaired immunity
    Other contributing factors:
    Malocculsion
    Bruxism
    Tooth anomalies
    RISK FOR CARIES
    Have fewer caries
    Contributing factors:
    Delayed eruption of primary
    & permanent teeth
    Missing permanent teeth
    Small-sized teeth with wider
    spaces between them
    Diet
    DENTAL HYGIENE
    MANAGEMENT
    3 to 4 months recalls
    Dietary counseling & encouragement of good oral hygiene
    Topical fluoride application
    Chlorexidine rinse
    DENTAL HYGIENE
    CONSIDERATIONS
    Schedule morning appointments
    Provide oral care in an environment with few distractions
    Give clear, concise oral hygiene instructions
    Listen actively & be patient
    Communicate with parent or caregiver to determine patients
    intellectual and functional abilities
    When you focus on someone's disability you'll overlook
    their abilities, beauty and uniqueness.
    By Yvonne Pierre
    QUESTIONS
    THE END
    REFERENCES
    1. Desai et al. Down syndrome: a review of the literature. Oral Surgery Oral Medicine
    Oral Pathology Oral Radiology. 1997; 84: 279 - 285.
    2. Cichon et al. Early - onset periodontitis associated with Downs syndrome: a clinical
    intervention study. Annals of Periodontology. 1998; 3: 370 - 380.
    3. Glassman P, and Miller C. Social supports and prevention strategies as adjuncts and
    alternatives to sedation and anesthesia for people with special health care needs.
    Special Care in Dentistry. 2009; 29: 31-38.
    4. Hennequin et al. Significance of oral health in persons with Down syndrome; a
    literature review. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 1999; 41: 275 - 283.
    5. Ramos-Gomez et al. Pediatric Dental Care: Prevention and Management Protocols
    Based on Caries Risk Assessment. California Dental Association Journal. 2010; 36:
    746 - 760
    6. Ulseth et al. Dental caries and periodontitis in persons with Down syndrome. Special
    Care Dentistry. 1991; 11: 71 - 73.

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