IESL CPD week 6

Surface Preparation
October 28 2014
th
Updated
February 2006
Surface Preparation - Continuation
The Malaysian famous PETRONAS Twin Towers

It is a waste of money
spending millions of
dollars here.

Unless the foundations

are good here
Surface Preparation - importance
The Petronas Twin Towers

The same applies for paint

except that :-

The Structure is the

Coating System

The Foundations are the

Surface Preparation
Surface Preparation importance

Deck Coating detachment due to Surface Contamination

Surface Preparation - Importance

Paint must stick to the steel not to a contaminant

Paint
Contaminant

If the contaminant
detaches it will take
the paint with it
Steel
Surface Preparation - Understand
Paint must stick to the steel not a contaminant

We must produce a surface profile or key

Blasting

Smooth steel Profiled steel

Surface Preparation Importance
Removing contamination and increasing surface
roughness will allow maximum bond strength and
adhesion to develop between coating & substrate.

This is CRITICAL due to the great demands on Heavy-

Duty coatings (eg abrasion, impact, moisture, salt etc).

Good surface preparation means strong adhesion so

the coating may be able to withstand these conditions.
Coating performance is strongly related to
the quality of Surface Preparation.
 Removal of Contamination
Ideally, ALL contaminants should
be removed, but not always
practical.
This is OK so long as the
remaining contamination is firmly
adhered and will have no
detrimental effect"?. Compromised
 Removal of Contamination
Contaminants which must be removed:-
Soluble Salts
Rust
Water
Mill scale
Dust &Grit
Oil & Grease
Old Loose Paint
Steel Defects
Surface Contamination Soluble Salts
Do not just paint over salt contamination!
Coating The pressure
forces the paint
Soluble Salt film to stretch out
creating a blister
Substrate

Soluble salt Water is drawn Salt dissolves

left on surface through the paint in the water...
film by osmosis
Paint applied ..and expands
Surface Contamination Soluble Salts
Do not just paint over salt contamination!
 Surface Contamination Rust
Rust
Can vary from thick, heavy scale to light
gingering

This is the most common contaminant on

steel

Ferric Oxide Fe2O3 (Red brown) is inert &

must be removed if loose-but will not cause
further reaction with the steel or coating
 Surface Contamination Water
Water & Moisture

We would not paint over a puddle or pool

of water - BUT IT IS NOT ALWAYS SO
OBVIOUS
 Surface Contamination Dust & Grit
From blasting, dry-spray or other work

From natural build-up of dust on horizontal

surfaces
GRIT INCLUSIONS
 Surface Contamination Millscale
Millscale at 700 deg C is the upper oxide layer formed
on new, hot rolled steel and can be up to 250um thick.
It is not uniform in consistency, and the lowest layer
(scale binder) is the most difficult to remove.

Ferric Oxide Fe2O3 - 28% O2

Magnetite Fe3O4 - 28% O2

Ferrous Oxide FeO - 22% O2

Scale Binder FeO + Fe

Steel
 Surface Contamination Millscale
Millscale MUST be removed before coating!!!

Although it appears to be well

adhered, temperature cycling will
cause detachment - taking paint
with it.
Steel is ANODIC to mills cale,
and so if the mill scale is
damaged, a corrosion cell is
created leading to rapid pitting
corrosion of the steel.
Surface Contamination Millscale

STEEL IS ANODIC
Millscale TO MILLSCALE!!!

Steel

Millscale in Damage to millscale Pitting corrosion

good condition (impact, weathering...) of steel!
Surface Contamination Steel Defects
Not strictly contaminants, but affect paint in a
similar way, and may lead to coating failure due to
low final film formation.

Paint flows away from sharp points

Surface Contamination Steel Defects

Cracks & stitch welds etc are impossible to fill.

Weld spatter etc

All must be repaired (filled, ground down etc) before

coating application

All the above should be corrected by the fabricators as part of

their assignments.
 Types of Surface Preparation
Fresh Water Washing

Degreasing

Hand Tool Cleaning

Power Tool Cleaning

Abrasive Blasting

Hydro blasting
 High Pressure Fresh Water Washing
Functions:-

To remove salts from surface.

To remove salt from pitted steel after blasting.

To remove fouling on dry-docking (Marine).

To remove antifouling leached layers (Marine).

To remove dust.
High Pressure Fresh Water Washing
MUST be Fresh (at least for last wash) otherwise new
contamination is applied to the surface (salt, oil etc).

Hosing (low pressure) is normally OK to wash down

a surface.

High Pressure Fresh Water Wash (HPFWW) is

required for areas like Tanks, and here normal
pressures are 1,000-10,000psi (70-700kg/cm2)
 Degreasing
Very slow and hard work.

Work methodically!

Do not just spread the grease - Use plenty of clean

solvent and clean rags.

SSPC-SP1 is the recognized standard.

 SSPC-SP1
Remove Heavy Oil/Grease by scraper, then ......

Wipe/scrub with rags wetted with solvent.

Spray surface with solvent.

Vapour degrease.

Immerse in solvent

Use emulsion/alkaline cleaners (& fresh water wash)

Steam clean
Hand Tool Cleaning
Loosely adhering millscale, rust and old
paint coatings may be removed from
steel by hand wire brushing, sanding,
scraping and chipping
Hand tool cleaning can be a slow and time consuming activity
SSPC SP-2 is equivalent to St2 Grade B, C or D
Hand Tool Cleaning

Wire Brush Scraping

Hand tool cleaning can be a slow and time consuming activity
Power Tool Cleaning
Generally more effective than hand tool
cleaning for the removal of loosely
adhering millscale, paint and rust
Power tool cleaning will not remove tightly
adhering rust and millscale
Power wire brushes, impact tools such as
needle guns, grinders and sanders are all
commonly used
Care should be taken, particularly with
power wire brushes, not to polish the metal
surface as this will reduce coating adhesion
SSPC SP-3 is equivalent to St3 Grade B, C
or D
Power Tool Cleaning -
Equipment

Grinding Power wire brush

Power tool cleaning
is somewhat quicker
than hand tool cleaning
Abrasive Blasting
Blast cleaning is probably the most economical
process to clean a large surface area adequately
for coating
Surface preparation standards used to judge
blast cleaning for painting generally define four
(4) standards of cleanliness. These are :
Brush off finish
Commercial finish
Near white metal finish
White metal finish
 Abrasive Blasting
Abrasive blasting techniques are the
preferred option in new construction
projects
This may be the only time in a
structures lifetime that abrasive
blasting may be possible
This ensures that an excellent standard
of steel surface cleanliness and profile
is achieved, thus contributing to
extended coating lifetime
Abrasive Blasting
High velocity grit / shot abrasive

. . . ... .
....... Surface







.......
Profile
. . . . . . . Forms on
....... Steel surface
Compressed Air Impact
Blasting Equipment

Steel Surface
 Abrasive Blasting

2 Main Types

Compressed Air Impeller Wheel

Site Work (Portable) Fixed Workshop
Introduced in 1930s Enclosed environment
Very reliable & efficient Shop primer plants
Compressed Air Blasting
 Compressed Air Blasting

Blasting from a gantry suspended from a crane

 Spot Blasting

Spot blasting with

a new micro unit
 Sweep Blasting
This is simply sweeping a jet of abrasive across
a surface to roughen it up.
Light Sweeping (Fine Grit 0.2-0.5mm)
To make a profile on existing hard coating (eg Epoxy).
To remove loose coatings or corrosion products.
Heavy Sweeping
To remove old paints to shop primer or bare steel, but
only to an acceptable surface for some paints.
To remove of old coatings (upgrade) or shop primer.
Sweep Blasting
 Full Blasting
As the name suggests, this is the removal of all
(or nearly all) paint and contamination.
Industry works to specific standards (eg Swedish
standards now part of ISO).
These consist of:-
1) Written definitions

2) Pictorial standards
 Full Blasting

Good practical standard achieved

Abrasive Materials & Surface Profile
Types of Abrasive Materials

Metallic Non-Metallic
Expensive Cheaper
Re-usable Expendable
Used where Used where
recovery is easy recovery is difficult
Wheel Abrator Open Blasting
Vacuum Blasting Dry Docks
 Non-Metallic Abrasives
3 different types

Natural Materials Manufactured

Silica Sand Bi-products Silicon Carbide

Olivine Sand Aluminium Oxide

Metal Slags
Garnet Glass Beads
Coal Slags
Calcium Frozen CO2
Carbonate Sodium
Bicarbonate
Hardness of Dry-abrasives
 Surface Preparation Standards
Blast Cleaning Standards

Sa1 - Light Blast Cleaning.

Sa2 - Thorough Blast Cleaning.

Sa21/2 - Very thorough Blast Cleaning

Sa3 - Blast Cleaning to Visually Clean Steel.

Surface Preparation Standards
 Surface Preparation Standards
Hand & Power Tool Cleaning Standards

St1 - Exists but not suitable for painting.

St2 - Thorough Hand & Power Tool Cleaning.

St3 - Very thorough Hand & Power Tool Cleaning

Paint Application

Updated
February 2006
 Paint Application
Methods of Application
Brush
Roller
Conventional Spray
Airless Spray
 Paint Application Choice of Method

Material to be applied
Substrate
Environmental Considerations
Transfer Efficiency
Clean-up considerations
 Paint Application - Brush
Not as simple as it appears
Quality & size of brush important
Work quickly & methodically
Very useful for stripe coats in a tank
Coverage up to 100m2 / man day
 Paint Application Stripe Coats

Ballast Spaces - Second Stripe Coat Application

Stripe Coating
Objective:
To understand why and when stripe coats should be applied
in a protective coating system.
The protective coatings applicator will conduct stripe coating
in their application role.
Stripe coating is always recommended on steel protection.
Stripe coating is generally applied by brush.
Stripe coating provides additional protection to vulnerable
locations.
Stripe coating
Stripe coating is defined as an additional coating
applied to selected areas of a substrate or surface.
photograph illustrates the extent of stripe coating that
may be required on a structural steel member with lots
of edges etc.
The stripe coating can be very extensive, especially on
older structures.
Most coating specifications includes a stripe coat in the
coating system.
Stripe Coating
Areas which usually require a stripe coating
include:
Welds.
Edges.
Corners.
Awkward areas.
Rivets.
Nuts, Bolts etc.
restricted points

.
Application of Stripe
Coat
Stripe coatings are usually applied
by brush, however spray application can be
conducted to some locations.
Ensure you check the paint specification for
any instructions on the method of stripe
coating.
The brush is by far the most widely used
method and can get into all areas without
fear of misses.
The brush also wets the surface which may
be difficult by spray methods.
 Reason for Stripe
Coating

This photograph is an illustration of the

thinning of an applied paint coating at a
sharp edge.
The paint 'runs away' from shape edges.
Thickness is not normally specified for
stripe coating although a good covering
is required.
The use of contrasting colours is also
generally recommended.
Areas for Stripe Coating

Potential low areas of coating thickness after

spray application, e.g. edges, awkward areas.
The coating applicator will have to use their
initiative for stripe coating even not in BOQ.
The stripe coating should always be
inspected by a supervisor or painting
inspector.
where a coating will be low in film thickness
without the use of a stripe coat.
Bolts stripe coated
Extent of Stripe Coating
Stripe coating to rivets on a steel structure.
Some structures have thousands of rivets, edges and
awkward areas.
It is better to have additional stripe coating rather than
have some misses!
The applicator must use common sense with stripe
coating.
Experienced applicators and spray painters will be well
aware of what areas need stripe coated.
 Edge retention

Coatings have a natural

tendency to flow away from
edges resulting in low thickness
and early coating failure.
Solutions include:-
Elimination of the sharp edge by
grinding, sanding or filing.
Applying a greater coating
thickness by use of stripe coats.
A combination of the two
 Paint Application - Roller
Faster than brush (coverage 200-400m2 / man day)
Poor in tight areas and on pitted steel
Rollering needs less skill than other methods
Only low film thickness achieved
Quality of roller very important (not synthetic)
Paint Application - Roller

Application by Brush and Roller

Paint Application - Roller
 Paint Application Conventional Spray
Compressed air atomizes the paint at the tip
A mixture of air and paint is sprayed
Because air mixes with the paint it must be clean
& dry (so oil and moisture separators)
For atomization, paint must have low viscosity,
and so can only achieve low film thicknesses.
Coverage of up 400-750m2 / man day
Paint Application Conventional Spray
Paint Application Conventional Spray
Paint Application Conventional Spray
 Paint Application Airless Spray
By far the most widely used
method of application in the
industry
Called airless because there
is no air mixed with the paint - it is
atomized purely by the very high
fluid pressure of the paint.
Paint Application Airless Spray

Airless Spray Unit

Paint Application Airless Spray
Paint Application Airless Spray
Paint Application Airless Spray
Airless Spray
Advantages Disadvantages

Speed of Application Health & Safety

(1200m2/man/day) (High Fluid Pressures)
Reduced overspray Clogging Problems
(vs Conventional Spray)
Application of Lack of versatility
High Viscosity Coatings
High dft in one coat Clean-up considerations
 Paint Application Airless Spray
Datasheets state fluid pressures for application,
but on the pump can only read input air pressure.
(50psi on a 40:1 pump => 2000psi fluid pressure)
Maintenance of equipment important
Use of recommended tip size (not worn tips)
Pressure drops by:-
Paint viscosity
Length of the line
Vertical pumping distance.
 Paint Application Airless Spray
BAD set up:-
Pressure drops by
Line length
Height
 Paint Application Airless Spray

GOOD set up:-

Short hose length
Pump raised so gravity on our side
 Airless Spray Procedures
Spray 12-14 (30-35cm) from surface
Start moving before pulling trigger
Move parallel to surface so gun is at 90 o
Overlap each pass by about 50%
Individual blocked areas should be
overlapped when painting large areas
Crosshatch technique for applying thick
coatings
Paint Application Airless Spray

90
 Using Thinners
Use thinners only when necessary.

Use correct thinners for the product (check datasheet).

Thinner & Cleaner may be different.

Usual maximum is 5%, otherwise:-

cause solvent entrapment.
cause runs, sags, slumping etc.
retard cure.
alter the volume solids and affect the wft/dft ratio.
 Pot Life
This is the time period after mixing before the two
components become too reacted for the paint to be used.

The pot life is temperature related - the higher the

temperature, the shorter the pot life.

Exceeding the pot life can:-

waste paint and block airless-spray equipment.
affect the adhesion & properties of the coating.

DO NOT APPLY PAINT AFTER POT LIFE TIME

EVEN IF IT LOOKS OK!!!
 Application Conditions Dont
Paint should NOT be applied in adverse
conditions.
Below 50C - unless using low temp. cure paints.

Above 350C - dry overspray.

Very windy conditions - heavy overspray

losses.

Wet surfaces (rain, snow, ice, fog, condensation).

 Checking the Conditions
Measure & record the wet and dry bulb temperature
readings from a whirling hygrometer.

Calculate the relative humidity (RH) and dew

point.

Measure the surface temperature with a digital

thermometer on the vessel area that is to be coated.

Allow painting when the surface temperature is 3OC

or more above the dew point.
Coating Defects

Updated
February 2006
CORROSION
Causes
- Removal of coating by detachment,
mechanical forces.
- Low film thickness.
- Inadequate surface preparation before
coating application.
- Poor coating performance, incorrect
selection.
- Coating life time exceeded
CORROSION

Remedial Action
- Scrape off rust scale and loose coatings.
- Prepare corroded areas to achieve the
required standard.
Power tool / Hydro blast / Grit blast
- Feather edges of intact coatings and abrade
overlap area.
- Patch prime and apply touch-up of finish.
BLISTERING
Formation of gas or fluid-filled voids with the coating.
Liquid / gas exerts a pressure on coating greater than adhesion strength
causing localised detachment. Coating stretches to form hemispherical
blister(s). Once internal pressure exceeds coating strength, the coating will
rupture leading to holiday in coating.
BLISTERING
Cause
- Solvent entrapment due to excessive coating thickness
- Solvent entrapment due to premature over coating
- Osmotic blistering due to soluble salts (paint or substrate)
- Low film thickness
- Air entrapment
- Premature exposure to water
BLISTERING
Remedial Action
- Scrape open blisters, chasing back to a firm edge
- Fresh water wash to remove contamination
- Prepare corroded areas to achieve the required standard.
- Feather edges of intact coatings to give smooth overlap
- Patch prime and apply finish as appropriate
 DETACHMENT
Delamination of coatings or entire scheme from substrate
DETACHMENT
Causes
- Surface contamination on substrate prior to o/c:
Oil / Grease / Salts / Rust / Water
- Incorrect surface preparation:
Shot vs. Grit vs. Hydro Blasting profiles
- Cure conditions prior to over coating:
Temperature / Ventilation / UV Exposure
- Maximum over coating intervals exceeded
- Build-up of coatings leading to internal stress
 Note Area of weaknesses
due to internal stresses

Multiple coats representing frequent applications

DETACHMENT

Remedial Action
- Scrape off loose scale and coating(s)
- Fresh water wash affected areas
- Prepare areas of corrosion to required
standard
- Patch prime and apply touch-up of finish
as appropriate
SURFACE DISCOLOURATION
Coating surface has a different appearance from
that when it was originally applied.
SURFACE DISCOLOURATION
Causes
- Dirt settlement on rough coating surface
- Thermoplastic products used in tropical
conditions.
- Resin breakdown due to UV / Chemical
attack: gloss loss
- Colour fading due to poor colouring
pigments (Organics)
- Rust staining
SURFACE DISCOLOURATION
Remedial Action
- Remove discolouration by:
- Fresh water washing, with
detergent if necessary
- Solvent washing
- Abrading with fine sandpaper
- Patch prime and recoat with
Finish
SAGGING & RUNS

Downward movement of paint on vertical surfaces

during drying process.
SAGGING & RUNS
Causes
- Coating applied at excessive wet film thickness
- Too much thinner added
- Paint incompletely mixed prior to application
SAGGING & RUNS
Remedial Action
1. Allow paint to dry to a hard finish
2. Remove runs with sandpaper to produce a smooth
surface and provide a mechanical key.
3. Re-apply finish, ensuring thin areas above runs are
also recoated so that specified film thickness is
achieved
CRACKING Hairline / Checking / Crazing / Mud

Hairline fine surface cracks that occur erratically and at random

Checking As above, but give a uniform pattern
Crazing Similar to checking, but go deeper and are broader
Cracking Breakdown penetrates to substrate, corrosion and detachment
Mud Cracks penetrate to substrate and form unform pattern. (ZnSilicates)

Cracking Hairline Mud Cracking

CRACKING Hairline / Checking / Crazing / Mud
Causes / Remedial Action
Checking / Crazing:
Stress in coating surface
Cracking:
Caused by high internal stress within the coating system
- Thermal cycling: Coating specification
- Wet / dry cycling: Coating specification
- Incorrect systems applied: thermosets over thermoplastics
- Loss of plasticiser from the film
- Excessive paint thickness
- Incorrect surface preparation
CRACKING Hairline / Checking / Crazing / Mud

Cause / Remedial Action

Mud Cracking:
Generally only occurs with Zinc silicates
- Binder out of shelf life
- Coating over applied
- Humidity too low during application conditions
FOAMING / CRATERING
Excessive bubbling that doesnt flow out
and leaves craters or depressions in the
film
Cause
- Painting over porous surfaces
- Application when temperature is too hot
- Using roller cover with incorrect nap length
Remedial Action
- Lightly abrade surface and reapply finish
 WRINKLING
A rough crinkled surface caused by a drying
interference forming a wrinkled skin
Cause
- Applying the paint too thickly
- Over coating an insufficiently cured primer
- Painting during extreme hot or cool / damp conditions forcing
skin to form rather than cure to occur
Remedial Action
- Remove wrinkled layers by sanding / scraping
- Patch prime and finish allowing adequate cure in between
coats
 POOR HIDING
Failure of the finish coat to cover the
previous colour or a new substrate.

Cause
- Insufficient paint applied.
- Over thinning of paint.
- Using clean colours over dark primers.
- Incomplete mixing.
- Poor paint opacity e.g. Organic Reds, Yellows and Orange.
Remedial Action
- Apply at correct dry film thickness.
- Apply an additional finish coat.
- Use sympathetic primers where possible.
Health and Safety
 Objectives for this section
What is Paint
Be aware of the hazards around you

Understand how to eliminate the hazards

Hazards involving paint ingredients

- Solvent
- Resin
- Pigments
Health hazard route

Personal Protection Equipment (P.P.E.)

Fire and explosion risk

Product Stewardship
Control of Substances Hazardous to
Health ( COSHH )
 - Large scale manufacture

High Speed Dispersion Machines 4,500 to 9,000lt Capacity

 - Large scale manufacture

Charging of powder and dispersion in progress

Let down tanks 12,000 to 10,000 lts.

 - Large scale manufacture

Bottom of let down tanks and filling pipe-work

Extensive Quality Assurance checks prior to and after filling

 - Large scale manufacture

20 lt. Antifouling filling line Auto. computer controlled filling Auto. Sealing and labeling

Auto. Stacking palletizing Auto. Filling/labeling of 2.5 and 5 lt cans

Environment Health &
Safety ~EHS
Be aware OF THE DANGERS around YOU.
Understand (or at least appreciate) the hazards
and know how to eliminate them.

WHY ????
Improper disposal of empty cans
INHALATION HAZARDS OF SOLVENTS

Narcotic.
Dizzy, Light Headed - Drunk

Irritant.
Choking

These can lead to the long term damage of

Internal Organs.
e.g. Damage to Liver, Kidneys.
Dizziness

Dizziness is a term that is

often used to describe two
different symptoms: light-
headedness and vertigo.
Light-headedness is a feeling
like you might faint.
 Ventilation
Ventilation is never 100% efficient.
There are always dead spots.

Therefore a ten-fold safety factor is used.

The RAQ. is calculated to 10% of the LEL..

The RAQ. ( to 10% LEL) is quoted on the

Material Safety Data Sheet in M/litre.

The ventilation rate is dependant upon the rate

of application. e.g. If a sprayer uses 100 litres
per hour then the ventilation rate is simply :-
RAQ(10% of LEL) x 100m per hour.
INHALATION HAZARDS OF SOLVENTS

Be aware there are Occupational Exposure

Standards

O.E.L. - Occupational Exposure Limit

T.L.V. - Threshold Limit Value

No known problems up to this level for a normal
working week.
INHALATION HAZARDS OF SOLVENTS

If impossible to ventilate to below the

OEL/TLV, then

Control measures must be introduced.

Wear adequate protection - Air fed hoods

and/or masks.
INHALATION HAZARDS OF SOLVENTS
M.E.L. - Material Exposure Limits
Limits are available for individual solvents:-
Short term - 15 minutes
Long term - 8 hour time weighted average.
There are known problems at higher
levels.
 Risk Assessment Procedure

1. Evaluate all risks

2. Do I have to be here as part of my job

Yes No

3. Are the risks acceptable Stay clear of the hazard

Yes No

4. Proceed? Do not proceed

5. Use correct PPE

To follow this procedure you must understand the risks

Safety Glasses, Ear Defenders and Gloves
Disposable Dust Mask
Cartridge Respirator
 Personnel Protection Advice

High Pressure Fresh Water Washing

Personnel Protection Advice

Wire Brush
Personnel Protection Advice

Power Wire Brush

Needle Gun
Personnel Protection Advice

Abrasive Blasting
Personnel Protection Advice

Hydro-Blasting
Personnel Protection Advice

Application by brush
Personnel Protection Advice

paint

Application by Roller
Personnel Protection Advice

Application by airless spray

 Solvent fire
1.5 Liter's, 45 seconds after ignition
CO
Powder
Foam
Water

Fire extinguishers
 Solvent fire
Tackled by water
 Solvent fire
Tackled by water spreading the fire
 Solvent fire
Tackled by foam
 Solvent fire
Tackled by CO2
 Solvent vapour is heavier than air.
An ignition source some distance away may cause an explosion
Confined spaces
Forced air from the top and open hatch to vent
Confined spaces
Forced air from the top and extracted via a flexible trunk.
Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
Class A - Compressed Gas
Class B - Flammable and Combustible Material

Division 1: Flammable Gas

Division 2: Flammable Liquid

Division 3: Combustible Liquid

Division 4: Flammable Solid

Division 5: Flammable Aerosol

Division 6: Reactive Flammable Material

Class B
Flammable means that the material will burn or catch on fire easily at
normal temperatures (below 37.8 degrees C or 100 deg F).

Combustible materials must usually be heated before they will catch on

fire at temperatures above normal (between 37.8 and 93.3 deg C or 100
and 200 deg F).

Reactive flammable materials are those which may suddenly start

burning when it touches air or water, or may react with air or water to
make a flammable gas.

The material may be a solid, liquid or gas which makes up the different
divisions that fall under this class. Common examples include: propane,
butane, acetylene, ethanol, acetone, turpentine, toluene, kerosene,
Stoddard solvent, spray paints and varnish. The symbol for this class is a
flame with a line under it inside a circle.
Common Abuses
Paint soaked cleaning solvents to clean
hands.

Smoking in painting / storage areas.

Improper clean up of spills .

Improper disposal of empty cans

Product Stewardship
It is a part of The Coatings Care

Coatings Care which requires

coatings companies to take
responsibility of its products from
cradle to Grave

Coatings Care is a part of

Responsible are which is a world
wide commitment of chemical
companies for continual
improvement in all aspects of
Health , Safety and Environment .
The Scope of Product Stewardship

Packaging,
transport & storage
Manufacture, Marketing, Sale and
Purchase & Raw Supply Use by Customers
materials

Manufacture Use

Research & Disposal &

Development Product Recycle
Cycle
Product creation, Waste, recycle, end
development and of life, product
withdrawal
change
Product Stewardship
Compliance leads to
reduced risks to HSE
at the complete
product cycle
Promotes development of products which will withstand current and
anticipated regulatory Requirements
Product Stewardship
Policy
Making protection of health, safety and the
environment an early and integral part of
product development process

Providing high quality and relevant

information on the safe use and disposal of
paint products

Being responsive to the concerns of the

community, customers, employees and other
stakeholders
Product Stewardship
Policy
Complying with all legal
requirements affecting
manufacturers operations and
products in the countries in which
producer does business

Actively participating with industry

associations in the development of
equitable and attainable standards
throughout the world
Product Stewardship : Raw Materials of Concern
- principally Carcinogens & Persistant Environmental Polluters

Red lead Crystalline silica

Asbestiform fibres PAHs
Free TBt (biocide) Low MWT aliphatic amines
Chromates VOC/VOCAPs
- Zinc Chromates
Low MWT epoxies
- Lead Chromates
- Strontium Chromate Lead driers
Methyl/ethyl Glycol ethers Glycidyl ethers
(including Ethoxyethanol) Isocyanates
Litharge Di-n-Butyl Phthalate
TBT Copolymer Methanol
Chlorinated paraffin waxes
Trace Lead
Aromatic amines
Formaldehyde
Chlorinated rubber polymers
Cobalt Driers
Nonyl/octyl phenol
Nonyl/octyl phenol ethoxylates Bishpenol A

= policy agreed = under review by PSSG

 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH)
Product labelling consistent across with regard to:
branding
H,S&E information
Product Stewardship Application Guidance
 Objectives for this section
What is paint
Be aware of the hazards around you

Understand how to eliminate the hazards

Hazards involving paint ingredients

- Solvent
- Resin
- Pigments

Health hazard route

Personal Protection Equipment (P.P.E.)

Fire and explosion risk

Product Stewardship
To sum up
Paint hitherto considered
not so important , usually
applied in haste has turned
out to be critical support in
corrosion protection of
Metallic structures.
Take care and thank you
A correct understanding to the
basics of paint ,
the importance of surface
preparation,
the best practices in paint
application , the reason for the paint
defects
and their possible corrective actions
will help the paint user community
to effectively control corrosion and
add value to asset and
Most Importantly Live safely too