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Module 9
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 2
Discontinuity
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 3
Discontinuities
Seams and laps
Laminations
Weld undercut
Weld cracks
Weld porosity
Many others
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 4
Defect
A non-conforming discontinuity
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 5
Discontinuity Criticality
Linear - non-linear
End condition - sharpness
Surface - sub-surface
Loading - uniform, non-uniform
Fatigue
Impact
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 6
Crack
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 7
Crack Types
Hot / cold
Delayed / underbead
Longitudinal
Transverse
Throat /toe / root
HAZ / base metal
and many more
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 8
Longitudinal Crack
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 9
Transverse Crack
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 10
Throat Crack
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 11
Toe Crack
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Crater Cracks in Aluminum Module 9 - 12
Weld
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y
Module 9 - 13
Propagation of Crater
Crack in Aluminum Weld
Am e r i c a n We l d i n g S o c i e t y