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Seed Germination
Plant Growth & Development:
Seed Germination
Seeds
Seed Classification
Seed Germination
Seed Dormancy
The Germination Process
Leaf Formation
Seeds
Seeds
The life cycle of many plants begins with a
seed. Seeds are essential for the survival
and continued existence of many plant
species.
Plumule
Seeds
The epicotyl is the portion of the stem above
the cotyledon.
Epicotyl Epicotyl
Seeds
The cotyledons are the seed leaves used for
food storage.
Cotyledons Cotyledon
Seeds
The hypocotyl is the portion of the stem
below the cotyledons.
Hypocotyl
Hypocotyl
Seeds
The radicle is the young embryonic root
and root tip.
Radicle Radicle
Seed Classification
Seed Classification
Flowering plants are classified as
monocotyledons (monocots) or
dicotyledons (dicots) depending on
how many cotyledons they possess,
one or two.
Epicotyl
Plumule
Hypocotyl
Radicle
Micropyle Hilum
Cotyledons
Seed Coat
Monocot
Endosperm
Cotyledon
Coleoptile
Epicotyl
Axis of Embryo
Hypocotyl
Radicle
Coleorhiza
Pedicel
Dicots
Dicots include: Garden beans, legumes,
alfalfa, soybeans, and cowpeas.
Monocots
Corn, wheat, rice, and oats are typical
monocots.
Seed Germination
Seed Germination
Factors affecting seed germination:
Moisture
Temperature
Oxygen
Light
Moisture
A seed must have an ample supply of
moisture for germination to occur.
Mechanical Injury
Diseases
Improper Storage
Age
Inadequate Growing Medium
The Germination
Process
The Germination Process
Steps in the germination process:
Water Absorption
Radicle Emergence
Plant Emergence
Leaf Formation
Photosynthesis
Germination
Water Absorption
The seed absorbs water and oxygen.
Epigeous Germination
Hypogeous Germination
Epigeous Germination
In epigeous germination,
the hypocotyl of the
embryo elongates and
raises the plumule,
epicotyl, and cotyledons
through the soil surface
and above the ground.