PRESENTATION OF TRAINING

OF PLC & SCADA AT EUREKA

ELECTROSOFT SOLUTIONS

By :
 P.L.C.
(PROGRAMMING LOGIC CONTROLLER)
 WHAT IS P.L.C ??
 Automation of many different processes, such as controlling machines,
basic relay control, motion control, process control is done through the use
of small computers called a programmable logic controller (PLC).
 This is actually a control device that consists of a programmable
microprocessor, and is programmed using a specialized computer
language.
 A modern programmable logic controller is usually programmed in any one
of several languages, ranging from ladder logic to Basic or C. Typically, the
program is written in a development environment on a personal computer
(PC), and then is downloaded onto the programmable logic controller
directly through a cable connection.
 Programmable logic controllers contain a variable number of Input/Output
(I/O) ports
 The programmable logic controller circuitry monitors the status of multiple
sensor inputs, which control output.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF P.L.C
P . L . C.
 PLC MANUFACTURERS
 SIEMENS
 ALLEN BRADLEY
 SCHENIDER
 MITSUBISHI
 ABB
 GENERAL ELECTRICS
 TYPES OF PLC OUTPUTS

1. RELAY TYPE
2. TRANSISTOR TYPE
3. HIGH SPEED OUTPUT
4. TRIAC TYPE
PROGRAMMING
 TYPES OF INPUTS/
OUTPUTS
1. USER TYPE: These are the inputs and outputs
that are physically present and are practically to
the inputs and outputs of the PLC.

2. BIT TYPE: These are the inputs and outputs that

are not physically present and are functional in
the PLC only. These inputs/outputs are basically
used to drive each other in the ladder logiic
programming
 INPUTS
 XIC ( Examine if closed):

I/P O/P
0 0

1 1
XIO ( Examine if open)

I/P O/P
0 1

1 0
LADDER LOGIC
 Ladder logic is mainly used for PLC
programming.
 Ladder logic programming is different
from other methods of programming.
 In this we have to mage logics as per
the requirements & have to implement
them.
 In ladder logic at the left hand side
there is input and at the right habd side
there is output and in between the
control components are used.
SIMPLE LADDER LOGIC
STARTING WITH RSLOGIX5000
TIMERS
 Timers are used to perform the timing
operations.
 Time base is the minimum value of
time in second that can be taken by
the timer.
 Preset value is the total number of the
seconds for which the timing operation
has to be done
 Accumulator starts increasing the time
in seconds upto the preset value.
 Upto the preset value of the
accumulator the enable bit of timer is
high & the timer runs.
 When accumulator reaches the preset
value then the timer stops and the
done bit of the timer becomes high
 TIMER BITS
 EN- Enable- This bit will high when the
input is given to the timer

 TT - Timer timing bit - This bit will be high

during the timing process.

 DN – Done – This bit will be high when the

timing process is ended
COUNTERS
 Counters are used to count the
number of operations.
 Its function is same as the timer
excepts that the timer counts the
number of seconds and the
counter counts the number of
operations or pulses
 At each operation the value of the
accumulator increases and when
the value of the accumulator
comes to the preset value of the
counter then the counter stops
INSTRUCTIONS
EQUAL
 The condition is true when the two
values entered are equal. Then
this instruction will be energised &
will energise everything that is
connected next to it
GREATER THAN EQUAL TO
 This instruction compares two
values and will be high when the
counted value becomes equal to
or greater than the fixed value and
will energise the everything that is
connected next to it
LESS THAN EQUAL TO
 This instruction compares two
values and will be high when the
counted value becomes equal to
or less than the fixed value and
will energise the everything that is
connected next to it
GREATER THAN
 This instruction compares the two
user specified values and will
remain high when the counted
value becomes greater than the
fixed value and will energise
everything that is connected next
to it
 This instruction becomes false
when the counted value is less
than or equal to the counted
value.
LESS THAN
 This instruction compares the two
user specified values and will
remain high when the counted
value becomes less than the fixed
value and will energise everything
that is connected next to it
 This instruction becomes false
when the counted value is more
than or equal to the counted
value.
LIMIT
 This command is used to drive an
output within a specified range of
time.
 In this instruction we have to give
the two values. One is lower limit
& other is high limit.
 Lower limit is the value of time
after this instruction will be true &
high limit is the max value upto
which this instruction remains
high.
 RESET
 This instruction is used to reset the program after the necessary operations
have been performed
 The address to this instruction is given as the same as the counter/timer
whose operation is to be reset.
RETENTIVE TIMER ON (RTO)
 This is very important instruction
in ladder logic
 This instruction is same as timer
TON.
 But unlike timer when it has
started timing process it holds the
count if there is a fault or there is a
power failure.
 When the fault is removed or
power supply is restord then RTO
will start the timing from the
accumulated value of time which
was held when the continuity was
failed.
SIMPLE TIMING OPERATION
COUNTER WITH INSTRUCTIONS
RESET COMMAND
THANK YOU