Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CHAPTER MECHANICS OF
10 MATERIALS
Ferdinand P. Beer
E. Russell Johnston, Jr.
John T. DeWolf
Columns
Lecture Notes:
J. Walt Oler
Texas Tech University
Columns
Stability of Structures
Eulers Formula for Pin-Ended Beams
Extension of Eulers Formula
Sample Problem 10.1
Eccentric Loading; The Secant Formula
Sample Problem 10.2
Design of Columns Under Centric Load
Sample Problem 10.4
Design of Columns Under an Eccentric Load
Stability of Structures
In the design of columns, cross-sectional area is
selected such that
- allowable stress is not exceeded
P
all
A
- deformation falls within specifications
PL
spec
AE
Stability of Structures
Stability of Structures
Assume that a load P is applied. After a
perturbation, the system settles to a new
equilibrium configuration at a finite
deflection angle.
L
P sin K 2
2
PL P
4 K Pcr sin
d2y P
2
y0
dx EI
cr
2 E Ar 2
L2 A
2E
critical stress
L r 2
L
slenderness ratio
r
2E
cr
Le r 2
Le 2 L equivalent length
cr
2E
2 10.1 106 psi
Le r 2
138.6 b 2
L = 20 in.
12500 lbs 2 10.1 106 psi
0.35b b 138.6 b 2
E = 10.1 x 106 psi
P = 5 kips b 1.620 in.
a 0.35b 0.567 in.
FS = 2.5
a/b = 0.35
2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Third
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer Johnston DeWolf
Maximum stress
P ymax e c
max 1
A r2
P ec 1 P Le
1 sec
A r 2 2 EA r
P ec 1 P Le
max Y 1 2 sec
A r 2 EA r
2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Third
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer Johnston DeWolf
- Critical load,
Pcr
2 EI
2 29 106 psi 8.0 in 4
2
Le 192 in 2
62.1 kips
- Allowable load,
P 62.1 kips Pall 31.1 kips
Pall cr
FS 2
P 31.1 kips
all 8.79 ksi
A 3.54 in 2
2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Third
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer Johnston DeWolf
m 22.0 ksi
At Le/r = Cc
2 2 E
cr 1
2 Y
Cc2
Y
Alloy 2014-T6
Le/r < 55:
all 30.7 0.23 Le / r ksi
212 1.585 Le / r MPa
Le/r > 66:
54000 ksi 372 103 MPa
all
Le / r 2
Le / r 2
SOLUTION:
With the diameter unknown, the
slenderness ration can not be evaluated.
Must make an assumption on which
slenderness ratio regime to utilize.
Interaction method:
P A Mc I
1
all centric all bending