Mechanical Inspection / Test

Introduction:
Critical appraisal involving
examination, measurement, testing,
gauging, and comparison of materials or
items. An inspection determines if the
material or item is in proper quantity and
condition, and if it conforms to the
applicable or specified requirements.
Inspection is generally divided into
three categories: (1) Receiving inspection,
(2) In-process inspection, and (3) Final
inspection.
In quality control (which is guided by
the principle that "Quality cannot be
inspected into a product") the role of
inspection is to verify and validate the
variance data; it does not involve separating
the good from the bad.
 Testing
Mechanical Testing steps divided in two
Category:
1. Destructive Test (DT)
2. No-Destructive Test (NDT)
 Destructive Test
Prolonged endurance testing under the most
severe operating conditions, continued until
the component, equipment, or product
specimen fails (is broken or destroyed). The
purpose of destructive testing is to determine
service life and to detect design weaknesses
that may not show up under normal working
conditions.
 Destructive Test
Types of Destructive Test :
Qualitative and Quantitative Tests

The following mechanical tests have units and are termed

Quantitative tests to measure Mechanical Properties:

Tensile tests (Transverse Welded Joint, All Weld Metal)

Toughness testing (Charpy, Izod, CTOD)
Hardness tests (Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers)

The following mechanical tests have no units and are termed

qualitative tests for assessing joint quality:

Macro testing
Bend testing
Fillet weld fracture testing
Butt weld nick-break testing
 Non-Destructive Test (NDT)
Nondestructive testing (NDT) is the process of
inspecting, testing, or evaluating materials,
components or assemblies for discontinuities,
or differences in characteristics without
destroying the serviceability of the part or
system. In other words, when the inspection
or test is completed the part can still be used.
 Types of NDT
There are several types in NDT:Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)
Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)
Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT)
Radiographic Testing (RT)
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
Visual Testing (VT)
Electromagnetic Testing (ET),Acoustic Emission Testing
(AE)
Guided Wave Testing (GW) , Laser Testing Methods (LM)
Leak Testing (LT) , Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL)
Neutron Radiographic Testing (NR)
Thermal/Infrared Testing (IR) , Vibration Analysis (VA)
Dye Penetrant Test (LPT/PT/LPT)