Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Metal Recycling
Used to reclaim iron, nickel and cobalt alloy
Scrap is generally 100% of the charge
With computer control is used to separate
various mixed scrap to specific compositions
Arc Furnace
Benefits:
Cost per ton of final product is less
(taking into account all expendables)
Source: http://tristate.apogee.net/et/
Power Consumption
Energy Required to Produce One Ton of
Liquid Steel
20
18
16
14
Million Btu
12
10
Source: http://tristate.apogee.net/et/
Cost Per Ton of Steel
Material Cost per Ton of Produced
Steel
140
120
100
Dollars per Ton
80
60
40
20
Source: http://tristate.apogee.net/et/
Basic Electric Arc Furnace
DC Electric Arc Furnace
www.jfe-21st-cf.or.jp
Current Carrying Capacity
Nominal Diameter Electrode Type
75 3 1,000 ~ 1,400
Source: www.foundrytraders.com
Our Arc Furnace
Started as a
standard arc lamp
used for exposing
photographic
emulsions.
Modified Arc Lamp
Moved the bottom
electrode to be
parallel with the top
electrode
Added:
Platform
Crucible
Attempted Arc Start with Steel
Arc Start with Carbon Rod
Sand Casting Mold and
Products
www.birt1.demon.co.uk www.simmons.com
Sand Casting Suitability
Advantages: Disadvantages:
Least Expensive Casting Can Only Cast Basic Part Shape
Process
Castings Require Secondary
Castings can be up to Several Machining
Tons
Less Expensive than Rough Surface Finish
Machining Shapes from Bar
Stock
Can Cast Intricate Shapes
Can be Used with Most
Pourable Metals and Alloys
www.casting-source.com
Casting Sand Types
Basic casting sand consists of bentonite
clay and sand (usually 120 grit)
Chromite sand: a high quality refractory
molding sand,with high chilling effect and
stability
Zircon sand: particularly suitable for higher
melting point alloys
Source: http://www.foundrytraders.com
Basic Tools
Shrinkage Consideration
www.casting-source.com
General Setup
www.lethbridgeironworks.com
Our setup and mold
Disappointing Results
Insufficient input heat
to maintain molten
state
Worked to melt small
samples
Crucible broke from
thermal shock when
the sample melted
Final Castings