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Syllabus:
Syllabus:
Syllabus:
Syllabus:
Syllabus:
Power
Power BSFC
Output (kg/kWh)
(kW)
BSFC
A/F ratio
A/F
Ratio
2 3
0 50% 100%
Throttle Opening
2p
ma Cd AC; ma Cd A ; ma Cd A 2p
Similarly Mass flow rate of fuel,
m f Cd f f Af C f ; m f Cd f A f 2 f (p f Zg )
A/F ratio is,
Due to the difference
in level between tip
ma Cd A 2 p Cd A p of jet and fuel level in
m f Cd f A f 2 f (p f Zg ) Cd f A f f (p f Zg ) chamber
Combustion in SI Engines
Combustion is the process of oxidation of fuel resulting into the release of
energy equivalent to calorific value of fuel. Energy released in combustion is
in the form of heat.
Combustion process in spark ignition engine has requirement of the
mixture of fuel and air in right proportion
mechanism for initiation of combustion process and
stabilization and propagation of flame for complete burning
For complete combustion of every fuel there is chemically correct fuel-air ratio
also called stoichiometric fuel-air ratio.
This fuel air ratio may be rich or lean depending upon the proportion of fuel
and air present in mixture. In SI engine this fuel air ratio generally varies
between 1 : 7 to 1 : 30 with lean mixture at 1 : 30 and rich mixture at 1 : 7.
Stoichiometric fuel-air ratio is around 1 : 14 to 1 : 15 for hydrocarbon fuel. The
extreme values of fuel-air ratio permissible in SI engine on both rich and lean
ends put limits as lower ignition limit and upper ignition limit.
Combustion in SI Engines
Varying fuel-air ratio is required in SI engine due to varying loads on engine
between no load to full load on engine. The ratio of actual fuel-air ratio to
stoichiometic fuel-air ratio is given by equivalence ratio or relative fuel-air
ratio.
Appropriate fuel-air ratio is maintained in SI engines through carburettor (the
fuel metering system).
Abnormal Combustion