Shear Forces and

Bending Moments in
Beams
Chapter 13 Strengths
Introduction
Beams are members that carry transverse loads and are
subjected to bending
Any member subject to bending is referred to as a beam
Beams considered in this course are limited
Straight and uniform cross section
Horizontal
Subject to forces applied in vertical plane
Types of Beams
Types of Beam Support
Roller Support
Hinge Supports
Fixed Supports
Types of Beams
Simple Beam
Overhanging Beam
Cantilever Beam
Propped Cantilever Beam
Fixed Beam
Continuous beam
Types of Loading
Concentrated Loads applied at a specific point
Uniform Loads distributed over a part or the entire length
Linearly Varying Loads distributed load with uniform
variation of intensity
Beam Reactions
Review Beam Reaction calculations
Example 13-1
Example 13-2
Shear Force and Bending
Moment in Beams
Internal shear force and bending moment are developed in a
beam to resist the external forces and to maintain equilibrium
Finding internal forces at section, pass a plane through the
section so the beam is separated into two parts
The entire beam is in equilibrium each part of the beam
separated must also be in equilibrium
Beam Sign conventions Internal shear forces
Positive shear cause beam to move up on the left side
Positive moment external forces produce a bending effect to
bend concave upward.
Internal Shear Force and
Bending Moment Rules
For Finding Shear Forces the internal shear force at any
section of a beam is equal to the algebraic sum of the external
forces on either segment separated by the section. If the
summation is from the left end of the beam to the section,
treat the upward forces as positive. If the summation is from
the right end of the beam to the section, treat the downward
forces as positive.
For Finding Bending Moments the internal bending moment
at any section of a beam is equal to the algebraic sum of the
moments about the section due to the external forces n either
segment separated by the section. In either case treat the
moment produced by upward forces as positive.
Shear Force and Bending
Moment Diagrams
Shear force and bending moment diagram show shear force
and bending moment along the beam
Diagrams show magnitudes and locations of the maximum
shear force and the maximum bending moment.
Relationship load, Shear,
Moment
Slope of the shear diagram at any section is equal to the load
intensity at that section
Shear force at a section is equal to the shear force at the
previous section plus the total load between the two sections.
Shear diagram has an abrupt change at the concentrated load,
an upward force will cause an abrupt increase in the shear
force, downward force will cause an abrupt decrease in the
shear force.
Slope of the moment diagram at any section is equal to the
value of the shear force at that section
The moment at a section is equal to the moment at the
previous section plus the area under the shear diagram
between the two sections.