ARBOLE, Aya ASINERO, Kenneth

ARELLANO, Frances ATIENZA, Philip

ARELLANO, Karl BEJA, Reymundo
WHAT ARE AGGREGATES?
These are granular materials used in
construction.
TWO TYPES OF AGGREGATES
(According to size)
COARSE AGGREGATES
FINE AGGREGATES
OTHER TYPES OF AGGREGATES
Granite Aggregates
-These are crushed hard rock
- Granite rock comes from magma that
erupted and hardened.
 Gravel Aggregates
-These are the result of sifting quarried rock and by
crushing natural stone rock.
-used for foundations and concretes
TYPES OF GRAVEL AGGREGATES:

Gravel (smooth) Crushed Rock

 Limestone Aggregates
-product of crushing limestone.

Secondary Aggregates
-comes from crushing construction waste - concrete,
bricks, and asphalt.
PROPERTIES OF AGGREGATES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
-Absorption
-Porosity
-Permeability
-Texture
-Strength & Elasticity
-Density & Specific Gravity
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
-Compostion
-Reaction to asphalt
COMMON USES OF AGGREGATES
Highway Construction
Backfill Material
Asphalt
Portland Cement
AGGREGATE SPECIFICATIONS and REQUIREMENTS

Absorption
Abrasion Resistance
Soundness
Restriction on deleterious constituents
Special requirements
 PHYSICAL QUALITY TESTS
Absorption
(It is defined as the increase in the weight of the
aggregate due to water in the material.)

-only applies to coarse aggregates

-Important for aggregates used in hot mix

asphalt and Portland cement concrete.

-absorptive aggregates are avoided in order to

make a good mix.
 Abrasion Resistance
-Applies only to coarse aggregates.

Soundness
-Applies to both fine and coarse aggregates

-Resistance to forces of weathering is

important in the selection of material for
highway construction.
TEST METHODS TO EVALUATE SOUNDNESS
(INDOT)
1. Water freeze and thaw test
(AASHTO T 103, Procedure A)
-requires the aggregate to be sealed and totally
immersed in water and to be subjected to 50
cycles of freeze and thaw.

-most accurate but requires a long period of time.

2. Sodium sulfate test (AASHTO T 104)
-Requires the aggregate to be immersed in a
sodium sulfate solution and subjected to 5
cycles of alternate immersion and drying

3. Brine freeze and thaw test (ITM 209)

-The aggregates are enclosed in a bag with
3% sodium chloride and subjected to 25
cycles of freeze and thaw
 Deleterious Materials
Some substances in aggregates are undesirable
for use in Portland cement.
Specifications limit the amount of deleterious
materials to a level consistent with the quality
sought in the final product.
COMMON FIELD TESTS ON AGGREGATES

Surface Moisture Content & Absorption

-Frying Pan Method
 Silt Content Test for Sand
-The silt content in sand must not exceed the
specified standards.
-This method can only be used for natural
sand.
 Sieve Analysis
-This is done to check the gradation of
aggregates.
EQUIPMENTS NEEDED FOR
AGGREGATE TESTING
Sieve Shakers

Los Angeles abrasion machine

 Accelerated Polishing Machine