Classical Greece

and Rome

Chapter 10, Section 1

 What is Classical Europe?
Ancient Greece and Rome dominate the
Classical Period 800 B.C. to A.D. 400
 Ancient Greece
The Classical period of Greece reached its
Golden Age in the 400s B.C.
B.C. What does that mean?
B.C.= Before Christ
A.D.= Anno Domini (In the year of [the/Our]
Lord)
How does it all work?
OK Back to Greece
 Ancient Greece

By that time (400s B.C.), the city-state, or

polis, had grown from kingdom to
democracy.
Athens was the home of the worlds first
democratic constitution
 Ancient Greece
Athenian artists produced famous and
influential works of philosophy, literature, and
drama.
The three great philosophers were Socrates,
Plato, and Aristotle
 Ancient Greece
The city-states of Athens and Sparta fought
frequently attempting to expand their
borders
Persia brings them together briefly
In the 300s B.C., Philip II and Alexander the
Great conquered all of Greece
Alexanders empire would eventually include
Persia and Egypt and stretched to India
 Alexanders Empire
What lands were included in Alexanders
empire, and how did he influence his
empire?
The empire included Persia and India and
stretched into India in the East.
Alexander spread Greek Culture
everywhere he invaded.
Alexanders Empire
 The Rise of Rome
Rome was settled sometime around 1000
B.C. and dominated much of the Italian
peninsula by 700 B.C.

Because Italy could be easily invaded, the

Romans had to develop a strong army.
 The Rise of Rome
Rome started as a monarchy, but changed
to a republic. What is a republic?
The people of Rome chose two consuls to
represent them.
The consuls reported to the Senate, which
was made up of landowners who served for
life.
 The Rise of Rome
Roman law was based of the Twelve
Tables.
Bronze tablets on which laws regarding wills,
courts, and property were recorded.
 From Republic to Empire
From 264 to 146 B.C., a series of wars
transformed the Roman Republic into the
Roman Empire.
Conquered peoples were granted Roman
citizenship and rights.
Under the empire, Senators lost their power
to emperors.
 From Republic to Empire
In 44 B.C., Julius Caesar was killed before
he could become first emperor of Rome.
In 31 B.C., Caesars nephew Octavius
becomes Caesar Augustus, first emperor
of Rome.
Caesar Augustus establishes the Pax Romana
 The Roman Empire
The Romans built advanced temples,
stadiums, aqueducts, and roads.
During the rule of Agustus, Jesus of
Nazareth was born.
For centuries to follow, Christians were
persecuted in Rome.
A.D. 300s Christianity becomes official
religion
The Roman Empire