Session 2:

Learning From Others and

Reviewing the Literature
SHS Mass Training of Teachers, Practical Research 2
Learning from Others and Reviewing the
Standards and Competencies
Literature
Content Standards: The learner
demonstrates understanding of:
(1) the criteria in selecting,
citing, and synthesizing related
literature; (2) the ethical
standards in writing related; (3)
the formulation of conceptual
framework; (4) the research
hypotheses (if appropriate); and
(5) the definition of terms as
used in study. study.
This slideshow presentation will be made available through the trainers website:
Performance Standards: The learner is
able to: (1) select, cite, and synthesize
judiciously related literature and use
sources according to ethical standards;
(2) formulate clearly conceptual
framework, research hypotheses (if
appropriate), and define terms used in
the study; and (3) present objectively
written review of related literature and
conceptual framework.
mathbychua.weebly.com.
Download the document to use it as reference.
Learning from Others and Reviewing the Literature
Standards and Competencies
Learning Competencies 5. follows ethical standards in writing
The learner related literature
1. selects relevant literature 6. illustrates and explains conceptual
2. cites related literature using framework
standard style 7. defines terms used in the study
3. synthesizes information from 8. lists research hypotheses (if
relevant literature appropriate)
4. writes coherent review of 9. presents written review of related
literature literature and conceptual framework
This slideshow presentation will be made available through the trainers website:
mathbychua.weebly.com.
Download the document to use it as reference.
Chapter
Content
Chapter II
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Related Literature
Conceptual Framework
Research Hypotheses
Definition of Terms
Your viewpoint.
Knowing your perception of
the Review of Related
Literature
Why do you need to review the
literature for your research?
Where and how is the
information found?
What should be done with
information after it has been
found?
ACTIVITY FOUR In the next fifteen minutes, critically examine the
Stringing seven excerpts taken from various research
literature and decide on how to frame a cohesive
Stories Literature Review Essay relative to the study:

CLASSICAL MUSIC AND GRADE 11 STUDENTS MATH

TEST ANXIETY

Then, write a short but sufficient Review of Related

Literature using the list of excerpts provided for you.
Review of Related
Literature
and the purpose it serves
in research
This is a written summary
of journal articles, books,
and other documents that
describes the past and
current state of
information on the topic of
your research study.
to justify your choice of research
question, theoretical or conceptual
framework, and method;
to establish the importance of the topic;
to provide background information
needed to understand the study;
to show readers you are familiar with
significant and/or up-to-date research
relevant to the topic; and
to establish your study as one link in a
chain of research that is developing
knowledge in your field.
Rolling out your RRL.
How to write the Review of
Related Literature
Critically
evaluate and Write a
Identify key select the literature
terms literature review

Locate Organize
literature the
literature
 In writing this section
Use the statement of problem as guide to
structure and sequence of topics
Avoid copy/cut and paste; all literature cited
must form a coherent whole
Last part highlights gaps in literature specifically
addressed by your study
Use appropriate format for citations and
Review of references
Related Cited references should be congruent to
bibliography entries
Literature
What are the commonly used citation and
reference styles?

APA, American Psychological

Association Social Sciences,
www.apastyle.org
MLA, Modern Language Association
Literature & Humanities, www.mla.org
Chicago Manual of Style Humanities &
Social Sciences,
www.chicagomanualofstyle.org
APA In-text Citation
If you use the name of the author(s) in your writing, place the year of
publication of the work in parentheses after the author s name.

Ex. Mullane (2006) conducted research into the effect of

If you refer to a work in the text of your paper, place the author's last name and
the year of publication of the work in parentheses at the end of the sentence.

Ex. The research conclusively proved a correlation between the results

(Mullane, 2006).
APA Referencing Style
Book
Andreasen, N. C. (2001). Brave new brain: Conquering mental illness in the era of
the genome. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

Journal
Potente, S., Anderson, C., & Karim, M. (2011). Environmental sun protection and
supportive policies and practices: An audit of outdoor recreational settings
in NSW coastal towns. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 22, 97- 101.

Website
Satalkar, B. (2010, July 15). Water aerobics. Retrieved from
http://www.buzzle.com
Teachknowlogy
How do we incorporate or build in our research references
following the correct in-text citation and referencing format
through Microsoft Word?
ACTIVITY FIVE Write the given sources using APA Style of referencing

Writing Present and discuss your output to the class.

Title, Author:Proposal Reports, Engr. Jose M. Cruz

Reference Publication Place, Date, Publisher:

Quezon City, 2017, Rex Bookstore

s Right Title of the Journal Article: Journal writing in the mathematics

classroom: A beginners Approach
Authors: Nancy S. Williams and Dante L. Wynne
Publication Date: 2016
Journal Publication: International Journal of Advancements in
Research & Technology, Volume 6, Issue 2, pp. 35-40
Title of the Article: K-12 Curriculum
Date: August 27, 2016
URL: http://jetz.setonhill.edu/resources/FAq/TW.htm
Retrieval Date: May 1, 2017
Author: Filipinas B. Cruz
 This research aims to determine the relationship between the availability of
ACTIVITY FIVE internet connection at home and the average sleeping time of Grade 11
students of Anonymous National High School.
Connecting Specifically, it will seek to answer the following questions:
1. What is the demographic profile of the Grade 11 student-respondents in

Concepts terms of:

1.1. sex?
1.2. availability of internet connection at home?
1.3. average sleeping time?
2. Is there a significant relationship between the Grade 11 student-
respondents sex and their average sleeping time?
3. Is there a significant relationship between the Grade 11 student-
respondents availability of internet connection at home and their average
sleeping time?

Based on the given Statement of the Problem, construct a

Conceptual Framework appropriate for the research it is part of.
 This is a diagram that connects variables of the study
with lines (correlations) or arrows (cause-effect
relationships)
In writing this section,
start with text and clearly cite the diagram
Include in the diagram the variables which may have
values or sub-variables
use the diagram to explain research framework. Justify
Conceptua each variable (and sub-variable) and each line or arrow
using logic and synthesized studies.
l ensure congruence with research questions (most
Framewor important). Rule of thumb: number of research questions
is at least equal to the number of lines /arrows in
k conceptual framework
 A hypothesis is a prediction of the possible
outcomes of a study (Fraenkel & Wallen, 2009).
Hypotheses are statements in quantitative research
in which the investigator makes a prediction or a
conjecture about the outcome of a relationship
among attributes or characteristics (Creswell, 2012)

Question: Is there a significant relationship between the

Grade 11 student-respondents availability of internet
connection at home and their average sleeping time?
Research Hypothesis: There is no significant relationship between the
Hypothese Grade 11 student-respondents availability of internet
connection at home and their average sleeping time?
s
 Format:
The research hypotheses of the study are: (stated with
expected direction)
Example (Compare with expected answer to
research question):
The mean attitude of female millennials is significantly
lower than that of the males.
Research Significant or significantly implies that results are
Hypothese not due to chance alone.

s
 Variables and sub-variables or values in conceptual
framework are defined, except very common variables like
grade level, gender, school type where the values are
indicated in the framework itself.
Format:
The following terms are defined as used in the study: (followed
by list of terms with conceptual and operational definitions,
if appropriate)
Conceptual definition original authors qualitative
definition.
Terms defined operationally are variables measured using
Definition instruments, e.g., test or rating scale.
of Terms Example: Millennials attitude total rating in a rating scale.
Review of the
WORKSHOP, CHAPTER TWO Literature

and Conceptual
Framework
Related Literature (relevant headings)
Conceptual Framework (diagram and 1-2 explanatory text)
Research Hypotheses (only if applicable)
Definition of Terms (based on the Conceptual Framework)