7.

1 The formation of images by plane mirrors and lenses

7.2 The formation of images by optical instruments
7.3 Light dispersion
7.4 Light scattering
7.5 The addition and subtraction of coloured light
7.6 The appearance of coloured objects
7.7 the effect of mixing pigments
7.8 The importance of colour in daily life
7.9 Appreciating the benefits of various types of optical
instuments to mankind
 7.1 Formation o images by a plane
mirror and lenses.

A) Formation of images by a plane mirror

The characteristics of the image

formed:
1. Virtual
2. Laterally inverted (left to right
inversion)
3. Size of images formed is same
as the object
4. The distance between image
formed and object is same
B) Images formed by convex(cembung) lens

The characteristics of the image

formed for near object:
1. Virtual
2. Upright(tegak)
3. Magnified (membesar)

The characteristics of the image

formed for distant object :
1. Real
2. Inverted(sonsang)
3. Diminished(mengecil)
C) Images formed by concave(cekung)lens

The characteristics of the image

formed:
1. Virtual
2. Upright(tegak)
3. Diminished(mengecil)
B) Optic terms

Optical centre , O point at the centre of lens

Principle axis straight line that passes through the optical
Focal point , F A point whew light rays meet
Focal length, f Distance between focal point and the optical
centre
Object distance, u Distance between the object and the optical
centre

Image distance, v Distance between the image and the optical

centre
Optical centre , O
Principle axis
Focal point , F
Focal length, f
Object distance, u
Image distance, v
Optical centre , O
Principle axis
Focal point , F
Focal length, f
Object distance, u
Image distance, v
Optical centre , O
Principle axis
Focal point , F
Focal length, f
Object distance, u
Image distance, v
Optical centre , O
Principle axis
Focal point , F
Focal length, f
Object distance, u
Image distance, v
Optical centre , O
Principle axis
Focal point , F
Focal length, f
Object distance, u
Image distance, v
Optical centre , O
Principle axis
Focal point , F
Focal length, f
Object distance, u
Image distance, v
C) Rules for Convex Lens
C) Rules for Convex Lens
C) Rules for Convex Lens
Steps for Drawing Ray Diagrams
Steps for Drawing Ray Diagrams
Object distance
a)Object beyond 2F ( u > 2F)
b)Object at 2F ( u = 2F )
c)Object between F and 2F ( 2F
<u<F)
d) Object at F ( u = F )
e)Object at infinity
 Object distance
a)Object beyond 2F ( u > 2F)
Object distance
b) Object at 2F ( u = 2F )
Object distance
c)Object between F and 2F ( 2F < u < F )
d)Object at F ( u = F )
e)Object at infinity
C) Rules for Concave Lens