ORIENTATION COURSE IN

PLANNING DEPARTMENT
AN OVERVIEW

A. K. DATTA
REAL PLANNING
1
30/09/2004 JAMNAGAR
 PROJECT DEFINITION

A project is an undertaking to achieve a specified objective,

defined usually in terms of schedule, budget and
performance.
Project has a defined beginning and finish with a clear
project life cycle (i.e. 4 phases)
1. Conceptualization (Feasibility Report/ Project Scope
etc.)
2. Development (Basic Engineering / Process Package)
3. Implementation (Execute) (EPCC Phase)
4. Commission (Project Completion / Prepare Close Out
report)
2
 PROJECT LIFE CYCLE
90-95% Plant Operation Started
100%
Percentage of Effort (Approx.)

Construction Complete
(Except Check List Points)

Project Strategy / major

Contracts Finalized / financing
Arrangements Done
15-20%

Project GO Decision
5-10%

Stage I Stage II Stage III

Feasibility/Conceptualizatio Stage IV
Development Implementation Commission &
n (Basic Engineering) (EPC Stage)
(Project Formulation, Start up
Feasibility Studies,
Project strategy & appraisal
Project Life cycle Time
3
Note: Percentage of effort shown above is approx.
 FEASIBILITY REPORT
A Feasibility Report is prepared to present an in-depth
techno commercial analysis (Profit improvement
opportunity / Return on investment for grass root
Project) by way of developing a Process Package /
Defining Project Scope along with other connected
Chapters / Details etc. and Cost estimate carried out on
the Project idea for consideration of / Corporate
Management / Financial Institutions and other
authorities, as applicable, empowered to take
investment decision. (For evaluation of Project
alternatives)

4
PROJECT MANAGEMENT -
WORK FLOW DIAGRAM

5
ORIENTATION COURSE IN
PLANNING DEPT. AN OVERVIEW
Type of Projects
Grass root
Expansion
PCO /QYI/VMP Projects
(Some belonging to cost savings / reliability
/ Operability / Yield Improvement /Value
Maximization etc.)
INTERCONNECTED PROJECTS
(Completed projects As an example)
Commissioning of south basin (Phase I/Phase II)
and HBJ pipeline projects,linked with gas based
fertilizer projects. (All projects to run
concurrently) 6
 WBS

Breaking down the total project work load into

identifiable work elements.
Project scheduling
Identifies criticality
Setting up of functional responsibilities center
Mode of execution (conventional / turnkey / hybrid)
Interfaces amongst Units and Agencies

7
WORK BREAK DOWN STRUCTURE
(SAMPLE)
LEVEL 1 CRUDE QYI PROJECT

LEVEL 2 ENGINEERING PROCUREMENT CONSTRUCTION OPERATION

LEVEL 3
FRONT END ENGG DETAIL IMPORTED INDIGENOUS Pre-Comm Comm
ENGG & Start Up

Civil/ Civil Civil

Process Strl.
Engineering Strl.
Mech. Equip.

Piping Piping AG Pip

Bulk
Electrical Instru.
Piping
Tagged
Instru. UG
Electri. Pip
Bulk
Electri. Equip.
Tagged
Electri.
Instru.
Bulk
Insul. &
Instru. Painting 8
Tagged
 PLANNING & SCHEDULING
PLANNING
To develop a workable scheme for achieving an established
objective.
Strategy
Job steps
Sequential Relationship

SCHEDULING
Scheduling is the preparation of a time table for
implementation for a project.
Fixation of time table for all activities / milestones.
Resource calculation.
Develop schedule progress S Curve.
WTD value calculation for progress measurement.
9
 MONITORING & CONTROL
MONITORING:
Monitoring is close follow up of the progress of the job and identifying
critical areas / project trend analysis, Highlighting Deviations from
schedules & corrective action plans on a continuous basis.
Measuring
Reviewing
Reporting
Action

CONTROL:
To take corrective actions so to put back the project progress on
schedule. As required, till completion of the project.

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 ORIENTATION COURSE IN
PLANNING DEPT. AN OVERVIEW
PLANNING, SCHEDULING, MONITORING & CONTROL

Plan can not be made workable without a schedule

A schedule in turn cannot be adhered to, unless
there is monitoring.
Monitoring cannot be effective without control.
Effectiveness of one element is thus ensured only by
the existence of the others.
To achieve the objective , they must be integrated with
all the other elements involved in project execution.
11
PROJECT SCHEDULING &
MONITORING CYCLE
Project Start

PCO / QYI /VMP Jobs

(DCNs / Feasibility Report / Project
Scope / Basic design package)

Total work scope / execution methodologies finalized.

Go ahead signal obtained / Budget Approval.
Project schedule development (EPC Schedule / Construction Schedule)

Execute Reset new targets

Resource Commitment in line with new
targets

Measure progress & compare with project schedule

(Target dates) on a continuous basis.
Issue progress reports

Analyse / Identify Constraints.

NO Develop action plan and monitoring the same
Target
Met ? e

YES

Project
Complete 12
TOOLS FOR MONITORING PROJECT
ON TIME ASPECT
EPC Schedule / Construction Schedule / Shutdown
Schedule (Const. Activities) As Applicable to Project
DDS (Engineering Schedule All Disciplines covering
Total Scope)
Schedule Updation / Revision & Rescheduling
Identification of Critical areas & Action Plan
List of Constraints
Project Trend
Fortnightly / Weekly / Daily Progress Report
Development of S Curve / Progress Measurement
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TOOLS FOR MONITORING PROJECT
ON TIME ASPECT
Monthly / Weekly Constn. Program Vis a Vis Work
Front Availability & Resource Requirements
Preparation of Planning Documents for Project Review
Meetings / PIO Meetings
Generation of various Reports for the Management (As
& when required) on time aspect
Maintenance of Databases
Scheduling :
Activity / Milestone Scheduling
Quantum Scheduling
Micro Level Scheduling & Monitoring 14
 PLANNING TERMINOLOGIES
Mechanical Completion
Pre-Commissioning
Commissioning / Start Up
Zero Date, Start Date, Effective Start Date
3 Tier Planning, Scheduling & Monitoring Schedule Levels
Project Trend
Baseline Schedule, Short-term Schedule
Recovery Plan / Catch Up Plan
Project Planning, Construction Planning, Central Planning
Activities List, Milestone List
Resource Planning
Project Work Load
Work Front Availability, Weekly / Monthly Construction
Program 15
 PLANNING TERMINOLOGIES
Schedule Updation, Revision, Re-scheduling
Schedule Review
Productivity Data
Project Execution Strategy
Project Performance
Project Implementation (EPC) / Handing Over
Project Termination
Project Key Dates
Project Approval
Pre-Project Activities
Project Data
Project Close Out Report
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 CONSTRUCTION RESOURCE &
INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES

DEVELOPMENT OF
RESOURCES INFRASTRUCTURE
FACILITIES

CONST. CONST. TOOLS EQUIP. M/C ENABLING

CONSUMABLES
MANPOWER & TACKLES (P&M) WORKS
CONTRACTOR COLD CUTTING M/C CRANES WELDING CONSTR. POWER
MANPOWER (INDIAN ELECTRODES
AIR BLOWER DG SETS AREA LIGHTING
+ OVERSEAS) GRINDING WHEELS
LASER BEAM EQUIP WELDING M/Cs SITE PREPARATION FOR
SKILL TRAINING DA / O2 / ARGON / CRANE MOVEMENT
PRE-HEATING TORCH EXCAVATORS /
(CRITICAL JOBS) DUMPERS
NITROGEN GAS
FOUNDATION / ERECTION
RECIPROC. SAW
ASBESTOS CLOTH / OF TEMP. STRUCTURES
TRAILORS
VARIOUS GRINDERS FIRE BLANKET YARN
CONSTR. POWER
AIR COMPRESSORS ETC.
CHAIN PULLY BLOCKS DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
ETC.
HAMMERS,SPANNERS UTILITY PLANT AIR, DA, O2
LINES
WIRE ROPE, SLINGS
CONTRACTORS OFFICE,
PNEUMATIC DRILLING
LAYDOWN AREA
M/Cs
WELDING M/C STATION
MAGNETIC TRACK
(FOR DOME CUTTING) DG HOUSES, ALIMAK LIFTS
OTHER TOOLS / NOTE CRAFTSMAN TRAINING
17
TACKLES NOT RESOURCE ESTIMATION / ARRANGING / CONTROLLING ETC SCHOOL
MENTIONED ABOVE TO CONTRACTORS ENGAGED FOR THE JOB. OTHER ENABLING WORKS
ORIENTATION COURSE IN
PLANNING DEPT. AN OVERVIEW
KEY POINTS - PROJECT SCHEDULING, MONITORING &
CONTROL

I. Our emphasis should always be to list all discipline

wise drawings & MRs / MTOs (to get each & every
equipment/bulk material required for construction
i.e. Tagged and Non Tagged items) covering total
scope for the project, so that these can be tracked for
generating work front (i.e. Drawing and Material
availability) for construction and finally construction
progress monitoring.

18
ORIENTATION COURSE IN
PLANNING DEPT. AN OVERVIEW
KEY POINTS - PROJECT SCHEDULING, MONITORING &
CONTROL
II. Project Scheduling, Monitoring & Control remains the
same
Irrespective of type of Project
Whether it is for Refinery/Petrochemicals/Infocom.
Projects/Power Projects / Infrastructure Projects / Any
other category Projects.
III. Each and every individual directly responsible for project
implementation should own & monitor / control his
portion of activities (i.e to the extent his involvement out
of total Project) from start to completion .This is the basic
requirement for the Project success.
19
ORIENTATION COURSE IN
PLANNING DEPT. AN OVERVIEW
KEY POINTS - PROJECT SCHEDULING, MONITORING &
CONTROL

IV. Planning is thus not an end itself but an aid to

the completion of a project .
This is a continuous process for taking action to change
project trend and should produce an end result.
Extensive Input Tracking for various functional groups
and their Follow Up

NOTE: Key feature of Jamnagar Project Execution is Constn.

Resource Conceptualization / Estimation / Planning / Arranging /
Controlling to contractors engaged for the Job.
20
 PROJECT PLANNING SYSTEM -
BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM
PROJECT SCOPE

DEVELOPMENT OF
LOGISTICS &
WORK BREAKDOWN INFRASTRUCTURE
STRUCTURE (WBS)

AREA A AREA B ACTIVITY AREA C AREA D AREA E AREA F

LISTING

NETWORK DIAGRAM

PROGRESS REPORTS QUANTUM SCHEDULING

BAR CHART

PROGRESS REVIEW & MONTHLY SCHEDULES

CORRECTIVE ACTIONS -QUANTUM SCHEDULE WITH
WORK FRONT

WEEKLY SCHEDULES
-QUANTUM SCHEDULES WITH
PROGRESS EVALUATION
WORK FRONT

IDENTIFYING SYSTEMS &

SYSTEM COMPLETION
TEST PACKS
SCHEDULES

BACKUP SLIDE 21
PROJECT COMPLETION
 OVERVIEW OF CENTRAL PLANNING
REAL/JAMNAGAR
CONVENTIONAL JOB-PROJECT COMPONENTS
% PROGRESS
PROJECT PROGRESS ( TYPICAL )
I) Process / Basic Engineering - 2%
II ) Detailed Engineering - 10%
III ) Ordering - 2%
IV ) Manufacturing/Delivery - 55%
V) Tendering - 1%
VI ) Construction - 30%
TOTAL = 100%
BACKUP SLIDE 22
 OVERVIEW OF CENTRAL PLANNING
REAL/JAMNAGAR
3-Tier Planning & Monitoring System
Level Corporate Management

EPC Schedule
Construction Schedule / S/D Schedule
Level Functional Management
Schedule for Engineering / Procurement / Construction
Level Job Leader
Document / Drawing Schedule (IFC Drawing)
Procurement Schedule (All Bulk as well as Tagged Items)
Construction Schedule(Covering all Construction disciplines jobs
as per Project Scope)
BACKUP SLIDE 23
 OVERVIEW OF CENTRAL PLANNING
REAL/JAMNAGAR
PROGRESS REPORT FOR FCO/QYI/VMP PROJECTS
(REAL JAMNAGAR)
Chapter Contents:-
I. Fortnightly / weekly report II. Daily Shutdown progress
1. Executive summary (constn.) Report
2. Construction s curve 1. Brief progress Status
3. Critical Issues 2. System wise Piping
4. Construction Schedule progress
5. Front Analysis & Work Program 3. Milestone progress for
6. List of Piping Materials Constraints internal jobs
7. Piping status (Fabrication / Erection) 4. Milestone progress for
8. Materials Constraints List nozzle jobs
for Tagged Items 5. Other constn jobs as
9. Piping Material (Weldable) control applicable but not covered
sheet above
10. Area of concern/Action Plans
BACKUP SLIDE 24
 Project Trend
Typical Project Trend

DATE OF REVIEW

2
( - ) Months ( + )

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

Month Calender 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
(+) Advance
0 0 0 0 0.5 1
(-) Delay

12 Month Project Schedule

25
BACKUP SLIDE
 Micro Level Scheduling & Monitoring
Crude 312 Unit S/D Dec 2003
(CONSTRUCTION JOBS) DURING S/D PERIOD
Piping duration 8th Dec to 31st dec 2003 (24 days)

I. Piping work Load - Piping Liquidation Plan

(Depending on work permit and work front-nozzle releated availability)
(day wise plan and against each drawn & monitored)
Spools erection - 1634 Nos.
Loops ( MC / BU ) - 502 Nos.
Piping System - 27 main systems
+ others
Spool erection - Max. 142 Min. 2
Nos. per Day BACKUP SLIDE 26
 Micro Level Scheduling & Monitoring
II. Piping workload ( 1803 total Isos ) Split to Loop wise / System
wise / Contractor wise / Engineer wise
No of Spools a) Erection Plan Dec 8 to Dec 29 2003
b) Welding Plan Dec 8 to Dec 29 2003
c) Box Up Plan Dec 10 to Dec 31 2003
III. System Completion Plan
System Name / Loop Nos. ( total ) / Permit availability date /
Spool Erection Date / MC / BU

Notes: (a) Total S/D Activities ( Released by CES) Covering

Operation Jobs, Construction Jobs, Maintenance
Jobs = 4236 Nos.
(b) S/D construction activities = 2033 nos (covering
nozzle/piping/equipments, heaters and VTL jobs) 27
BACKUP SLIDE
 EFFECTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM
(REQD. FOR CARRYING OUT PLANNING FUNCTION)

I. Timely / Authentic information flow

including updates by all concerned to
planning regularly.
II. Any details / clarifications / documents /
copies of minutes etc. should be given
promptly to planning.

NOTE :- Planning Deliverables by Planning

Engineer depends on how timely and Authentic
data / documents etc. as per input format with
required frequency is made available. 28
BACKUP SLIDE
 29
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