Differences between Metals and Non-Metals

METALS DIFFERENCES NON-METALS

Appearance

Ductility

Malleability

Tensile
Strength
Electrical
Conductivity
Heat
Conductivity

Density

Melting and
boiling point
Differences between Metals and Non-Metals
METALS DIFFERENCES NON-METALS
Shiny Appearance Dull

Ductile Ductility Brittle

Malleable Malleability Non-Malleable

Tensile
High Strength Low (break easily)

Electrical
Good Conductivity Poor (except Carbon)

Heat Poor
Good Conductivity

High Density Low

High Melting and Low

boiling point
 What are atoms?
What is the difference between atoms and
molecules?
What is the difference between elements and
compounds?
Identify the position of metal, non-metal and
inert gases in the periodic table
6.2 Mixtures
Objective
Communicate about examples of mixtures in
daily life
Solve problem of separating mixtures through

activities based on the different characteristics

of material and physical methods.
What is a mixture?
Consists of two or more elements or
compound mixed physically.
Cocktails and ABC Air Batu Campur made of
combination of solid and liquid
 SEPARATION METHOD

Filtration Sedimentatio
n
Separation by
Distillation magnet

Floatation Chromatography Sieving

 As a mixture is formed physically, it can be
removed physically too.
The separation method depends on :-
The physical properties of the substances present
in the mixture
The substances to be obtained from the mixture.
 SEPARATION METHOD

Filtration Sedimentatio
n
Separation by
Distillation magnet

Floatation Chromatography Sieving

 Filtration
Used to separate an insoluble solid from a mixture
of solid and liquid
 Distillation
Used to separate a complete miscible liquid-liquid
mixture that have different boiling point.
 Separation by magnet
Magnetic attraction can be used to separate a
magnetic substance from a non-magnetic
substance.
Magnetic Iron, nickel, cobalt
Non-magnetic gold, bronze and aluminium
Magnet separator used in food industries to make
sure no iron particles are mixed with the food.
 Sedimentation method
Used to separate a liquid and insoluble solid
mixture.
 Floatation method
Used to separate soluble and insoluble materials in
water.
Example : Oil and water. When mixed, the low
density oil will float on the water surface. A
separating funnel can be used to separate the oil
and water.
 Chromatography method
Separation methods like filtration and distillation
need large amount of mixture to separate the
substances.
Small amount of mixture is separated using
chromatography method.
Used to check document fraud by separating the
colours from the ink used.
Also to identify any harmful food colourings present
in food.
Type of mixture and its
separation methods
Paper clips and glass fragments
Water and ethanol
Three types of water soluble ink
Soil and water
Oil and water
Coffee powder and water
6.3 Compounds
What are compounds?
Compound consists of two or more elements
that are mixed chemically.
Have their own characteristics
Example of compounds : Building blocks
(LEGO) are made of polythene a combination
of carbon and hydrogen, water oxygen and
hydrogen, tiles made from marbles which is a
combination of calcium, carbon and oxygen
 Metal and non-metal elements combined
chemically to form a compound.
Mg, Zn, Fe and Cu react with O2 to form metal
oxide.

magnesium + Oxygen magnesium oxide

aluminium + Oxygen aluminium oxide
Zinc + Oxygen zinc oxide
Iron + Oxygen iron oxide
Copper + Oxygen copper oxide
 Some metals react with water to form alkali
compounds and release hydrogen gas.
These elements are knowns as alkali metals;
lithium, sodium and potassium

Lithium + water lithium hydroxide + hydrogen gas

Sodium + water sodium hydroxide + hydrogen gas
Potassium + water potassium hydroxide + hydrogen gas

Iron and sulphur powder will form iron sulphide

when heated.
Iron + sulphur iron sulphide