- Buang in Papua New Guinea

- Hindustani in India
- Bahasa Banjar in South Kalimantan
- Jawa Ngaka in East and Central Java
- Ammiyah in Arab

a language which has not been standardized/codified

and has no official status
usually used at home
and between people from the same ethnic group
 language of ritual and religion

National language of ISRAEL

Language that is written and had
undergone some CODIFICATION
- Br English
- Am English
- Aus English
- Singlish
- Indian English
- Manglish
 Inner
circle
Expanding
circle
Outer
circle
Language used for communication between people
whose first languages are different.

English
Arabic
Russian
French
Spanish
Tok Pisin
Banjarese
Pidgin is a language which has no native speakers

Pidgin is created from combined efforts of people

who speak different languages
Pidgin may comes from the word of Hebrew, meaning
trade or exchange

Pidgin may also comes combination of two Chinese

characters pei and tsi n, meaning paying money
 Prestige language tends to supply more of the
vocabulary; while...
Vernacular language have more influence on the
grammar
Because it is only used for limited area of function, it tends to have
simplified structure and small vocabularies compared with fully
developed languages
Sounds a lot like baby talk
Pidgin often have a short life. A trading pidgin usually
dissapears when trade between the group dies out.
Creole is a pidgin that has acquired native speakers.

When it is learned by children as their first

language and used in wide range of domains