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LOOMING DESERTIFICATION
AND
DSWC ROLE IN MITIGATING THREATS
GS DHILLON
SDSCO-Map Officer
O/o Chief Conservator of Soils, Punjab
DEPARTMENT OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION, PUNJAB
Email: dswctechnical@gmail.com, Website: http://dswcpunjab.gov.in
ABOUT PUNJAB:
Area (geographical) : 5.04 m ha
Districts: 22
Cropping Systems :
Rice-Wheat;
Cotton-Wheat; and
Maize-Wheat
COMPARISON OF AREA
TOTAL AREA NET AREA SOWN
300
283.52 280.71
250 273.28 279.28
253.24 253.13
200
192.23 198.83
150
100 119.21
73.05
50 62.82 63 64.58 65.23 65.35 65.92
56.73 57.26
48.53
39.27
0
1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 1995-96 2000-01 2006-07 2008-09 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
0 2 4 6 8
Land Holding (in ha)
*Data from NSS SAS Round 70. Size of bubbles correspond to non farm income
Education and Income of India-Americans by Language
140,000 Marathi
Kannada Telugu
Family Income Gujarati Tamil
Bengali
120,000
INDIA
Hindi
Malayalam
100,000
Punjabi Urdu Taiwan
Average family income, USD
Pakistan
Canada
80,000
Vietnam
Korea
China
White
Full US population
60,000
Bangladesh
Mexico
40,000
African American
20,000
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Share with post- graduate or professional or doctoral degree, %
IMPENDING
CRISIS
WATER SCARCITY
Water scarcity is defined as a situation where water
availability in a country or region is below 1000 cum per
person per year. The threshold of 2000 cum per person
per year is considered to indicate that a region is water
stressed since under these conditions populations face
very large problems when a drought occurs or when man-
made shortages are created.
Year No of Villages
1980 3712
1990 6287
2000 8518
2015 11997
Punjab has highest %age of blocks categorised as over exploited. Currently 110 blocks out of
total 141 blocks in the State are over exploited, 8 as critical and remaining 23 as safe, But the
irony is that in most of these safe water blocks, the ground water is brackish, thus unfit for
23
human use and irrigation, hence these blocks suffer from water logging conditions
PUNJAB WATER TABLE DEPTH
PUNJAB -Challenges
Declining arable
Decreasing
Rising land area and Soil
quantity and
Population health
quality of water
Punjab
Technology Increasing
fatigue Mounting Pressure Cost of Cultivation
and
of Globalization
Decreasing margins
PUNJAB HEADING FOR
DESERTIFICATION
DESERTIFICATION IS A PROCESS BY WHICH
FERTILE LAND BECOMES DESERT, TYPICALLY AS
A RESULT OF WATER STRESS, DEFORESTATION,
OR INAPPROPRIATE AGRICULTURE.
* Groundwater levels
(GWL) inferred from
change in UGW needed to
meet irrigation water
needs
BY
DSWC
INCREASING IRRIGATION WATER EFFICIENCY
Promotion of Underground Water
Pipeline System (UGPS) UGPS
Cuts conveyance losses, saves
upto 30% water
50% subsidy is provided to
Individual farmers adopting
UGPS
90% subsidy is provided to
Individual farmers adopting
UGPS
22,000 + kms of UGPS laid till
date
PROMOTION OF DRIP/SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
Started in 2009-10
67 projects in 14 districts.
THANKS