CHAPTER 1

kind of state where people, institution,

authority or groups feel full secured, free from
any threat or vulnerability from somewhere
someone in his/her life, liberty, property, or
activity.
It is a state or quality of being secured, freedom
from fear of danger, assurance, certainty or the
degree f protection against danger, loss and
criminals.
 Natural Mandate
The law of preservation
Natural Rights

Constitutional Mandate
Statutory Mandate
 The Law of Preservation
Byinstinct, man naturally reacts to protect
himself, his family, freedom and property
from danger, threat, or hazard.
 Natural Rights
rights
of every citizen that were not
granted through the State.
- The 1987 Philippine Constitution, enunciates
the first and foremost duty of the government to
serve and protect the country.
 Article II, Section 4
The prime duty of the government is to serve and
protect the people. The government may call upon
the people to defend the state and, in the fulfillment
thereof, all citizens may be required by law, to
render personal military or civil service.
 Article II, Section 5
The maintenance of peace and order, the
protection of life, liberty, and property, and
promotion of the general welfare are essential for
the enjoyment by all the people of the blessings of
democracy.
 Article III, Section 1
No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or
property without due process of law, nor shall any
person be denied the equal protection of the laws.
 Article III, Section 2
The right of the people to be secure in their persons,
houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable
searches and seizures of whatever nature and for
any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search
warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue except upon
probable cause to be determined personally by the
judge after examination under oath or affirmation of
the complainant and the witnesses he may produce,
and particularly describing the place to be searched
and the persons or things to be seized.
 Act 3815 (revised Penal Code (RPC), as
amended)
The RPC also insure the security and safety of the
people by prohibiting and penalizing certain acts.
Crime against the fundamental of the State
Arbitrary detention
Delaying release
Expulsion
Violation of domicile and etc.
Crime against person
Parricide
Murder
Homicide
Physical injuries
Crimes against Personal Liberty and security
Kidnapping
Illegal detention

Crimes against Property

Theft
Robbery
 Republic Act 5487, as amended.
the private security Agency Law which governs
the organization, operation, business and activities
of private detectives, watchmen, or security guard
agencies
 Presidential Decree No.11
Amended certain provision of RA5487, such as :
Section 3(d) which defines a Watchman or Security
Guard, Watchman or Security Guard Agency,
Section 4 which specify persons who may organize
a Security or Watchman Agency, and Section 18
 Presidential decree No.100
Amended, Section 3d, Section 4, Section 5, Section
8, Section 9, Section 11, and paragraph one of
section 16 of RA5487
 Presidential decree no.1919
Amended section 3d, section 18, paragraph 3 of
section 8, paragraph 1 of section 16 of RA5487.
 The private security business in the Philippines
can be traced back on March 11,1933, when the
fist formally licensed private security agency
Special Watchman Agency started
operations.
Later, it was renamed Jimenez Security
Agency by its founders Juan and Pedro
Jimenez
 On May 30, 1958, the Philippine Association of
detectives and Protective Agency
Operations(PADPAO) was formally organized.
RA5487 was then passed on June 13, 1969
through the continuous lobbying of the
incorporators and officers of PADPAO, which
set the standards and minimum requirements
for the operations of security agencies.
 P.D. 11 was passed on October 3, 1972,
widening the coverage of RA 5487 to include
security guards employed in logging
concessions, agricultural, mining, and pasture
lands.
P.D. 100 was issued on January 17, 1973,
broadening the coverage of the security
industry to include employees of the national
or local government or any agency who are
employed to watch or secure government
building and properties.
 In August 1969, the Philippine Constabulary
activated the Security and Investigation
Supervisory office or SIASO to supervise and
control the organization and operation of
private security and detective agencies
nationwide.
It was later renamed Philippine Constabulary
Supervisory Office for Security and
Investigation Agencies or PCSUSIA
 With the passage of RA 6975, PCSUSIA was
absorbed by the Philippine national Police. It
was made into a division of the PNP Civil
Security Group and was renamed Security And
guards Supervision Division (SAGSD).
It was again renamed to PNP Supervisory
Office for Security Investigation Agency (PN-
SOSIA)
 There is no absolute security.
there is no known place accessible to man or creation
where hazards do not exist.

Security is only good as its weakest link

Security risk is greatest or accident will most likely
to occur where there is least protection. Any weak
point would sufficient to neutralize or render
ineffective the rest of the components of the security
system.
 High Relative security can be achieved in
depth.
This principles implies that redundant security
measures are necessary. It also requires that each
system is independent from each other.
Risk may come from within and without.
Security against external hazards does not
guarantee protection, because most hazards come
within the team or its area of operation.
 No two installations are alike.
This principles require that security systems and
measures should be specific to the requirement of a
facility so that different approaches to protection
must be made.
There is no impenetrable barrier.
Hazards are everywhere, and they come countless
forms. No matter how deep a series of protective
system my be, it is just a matter of time that it can be
penetrated or neutralize.
 Security is everybodys concern
This principles requires that security must be clearly
stated as one of the duties and responsibilities of
every member of the organization.
Deterrence is only good against the least
determined perpetrator.
This principles means that deterrence is good only
against the law abiding citizen but not to a
determined offender.
 All aspects of the security must be applied to
secure an object.
Objects of security are resources, person or facilities
that need to be secured or protected.
The effectiveness of one aspect of security is
dependent on the application of the other
aspect.
The effectiveness of the personnel security can be
obtained thru application of information security
and all classified information obtained to be
protected need the application of physical security.
 Physical Security
VIP Security
Document Security
Bank Security
Operational Security
Communication Security
Hotel Security
 Physical Security
Security concerned with physical measures designed
to protect lives and properties.
VIP Security
Security concerned with the protection of high
profile government officials, officials of other
countries, private individuals who have threat in
their life.
 Document security
Deals with the protection of classified documents
from unauthorized access, lost or destroyed.

Bank Security
concerned on the protection of bank's personnel and
properties in a day to day operation including
transfer of cash from one branch to another.
 Operational Security.
Deals with the protection of formulas, processes and
other information which are valuable to the
company from espionage, loss and copying of
unauthorized person.
Communication Security
Type of security which involves the protection of
communication from unauthorized person which
might affect the organization.
 Hotel Security
Deals with the protection of guests, and properties in
a hotel from harm and lost.
 PHYSICAL SECURITY
PERSONNEL SECURITY
DOCUMENT AND INFORMATION
SECURITY
 Physical Security
Broadest branch of security which is concerned with
the different barriers installed and measures
implemented to prevent unauthorized entry, access
to facilities, equipment, and information.
 Personnel Security
Branch of security which is concerned with
procedures undertaken by the company to ensure
that employee to be hired are best to the companys
interest
 Document and Information Security
Concerned with the procedures for the protection of
classified documents and information from loss,
unauthorized access and theft by unauthorized
person which can affect the operation of the
company which owns the document and
information.