NESS

Prepared By

Nepal Environmental & Scientific Services (NESS) Pvt. Ltd.

GPO Box No: 7301
Jitjung Marga 26, Thapathali
Kathmandu, Nepal

Presented to

Ministry of Water Supply and Sanitation

Department of Water Supply and Sewerage (DWSS)
Environment Sanitation Section (ESS)
 Introduction
Framework for environmental management by the Department of Water
Supply and Sewerage (DWSS)
DWSS supplies potable drinking water ensuring appropriate sanitation
measures
GESI context
water-related diseases , burden to women and children in collecting water and maintaining
sanitation.
DWSS provides basic water supply and sanitation access, improved water
supply services defined by the National Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
Policy 2009
Mitigate climate change effects in water supply and sanitation service
delivery, regulation and bench marking of water utilities across the country
as well as mass scale promotion of sanitation activities.
DWSS is active in reducing the pollution caused by sewerage, solid waste,
industrial and agricultural runoff of rivers and lakes in urban areas.
Inception report prepared by scoping, literature review
Feasibility Study on Environmental Management of
Pollution of Six Urban Rivers (Sirsiya of Birgunj, Tengra
of Itahari, East Rapti of Hetauda, Narayani of
Narayanghat, Tinau of Butwal and Kailali Nala of
Dhangadhi)
engineering interventions for environmental management
wastewater free rivers
Identify the types, extent and sources of all types of
pollution
Specific Objectives
Identify technically feasible, economically viable, socially
acceptable and environmental friendly engineering
interventions to mitigate the pollutions.
Identify the scope and length of the stretch of all the six urban
rivers of high pollution level
Propose conceptual engineering designs to mitigate problems
Estimate cost of proposed social as well as engineering
interventions
Prepare an implementation plan along with M&E framework
and Environmental Management Action Plan (EMAP) of the
identified stretch of the rivers.
Scope of work
Existing policies, strategies, approach/concept papers, guidelines,
standards for wastewater effluents, environmental legislations of
Nepal and other relevant documents.
Review and analyze grey literature
Identify type, extent and sources of pollution of six urban rivers
Identify stretch of each of the six urban rivers of high pollution
levels
Identify technically feasible, economically viable, socially
acceptable and environmental friendly engineering interventions
Propose a multi-year implementation plan and M&E framework for
environmental management of the identified stretch of the proposed
urban rivers along with the EMAP for each identified stretch of the
six urban rivers
Determine the indicative cost for actions and interventions to
mitigate the pollution and accordingly financial analysis for
understanding its financial viability.
Proposed study locations
Rivers Benchmark Locations
East Rapti, Hetauda 27o2554.20N 85o0120.03E

Sirsiya River, Birgunj 26o5918.19N 84o5119.48E

Tyangra River, Itahari 27o4126.70N 87o1917.19E

Narayani River, Narayanghat 27o420.27N 84o2522.94E

Tinau River, Butwal 27o4213.05N 83o2744.63E

Kailali Nala, Dhangadhi 28o4118.60N 80o3546.65E
Sirsiya
Tengra
East Rapti
Narayani
Tinau
Kailali Nala
Methodology

Gather existing information on the physical, biological and

social characteristics of the six urban rivers.
The quality of urban rivers will be expressed
generic and specific
Generic quality will be applicable to those rivers (East Rapti,
Kailali Nala, Narayani River) which passes through the
settlement and commercial market with the recipients of multiple
domestic sewers, runoffs.
Specific water quality will be taken into consideration for those
urban rivers (Tyangra River and Tinau River) which are
contaminated heavily with the mixed effluent and commercial
activities.
Contd

Key sites Social context

Pattern
Scale

Urban rivers

Indicators

Interaction Change
Function Disturbance
 Water Environment
Survey

Point Source
Pollution Non-point Source
Pollution

Domestic Livestock
Industrial Cultivated field &
Commercial
Rice field
Woodland and pasture land
City
Forestland
Scientific data (physical, chemical and micro-
biological)
 QA/QC

Quality Control Manual (2012) for analytical tests of samples.

Analyze reference standard with known analyze concentration
matching sample matrix.
Utilize method of addition or recovery test (e.g. Arsenic).
Reporting concentration at the lower end of detection limit.
Using reagent blank (always run for each batch of sample).
Duplicate analysis is carried out for 10% of samples.
Calibration with standards is usually done in case of instrumental
analysis in which the instrument is calibrated with three known
standard solutions--calibration curve is drawn from which
concentrations of unknown samples are determined.
Output
Deliverables
Photographs