Knitted Fabric Manufacturing

Lecture-1
Dereje Berihun
BDU-EiTEX
 The different types of textile products

1. Woven fabrics: yarns cross each other at

right angles/interweave

2. Knitted fabric: yarn is made in to a series of

intermeshed loops 1

3. Braided fabrics: yarns are intertwined,

twisted or knotted

4. Non-woven: fibers/filaments/yarns are

bonded together

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Difference between the three fabric manufacturing
techniques
 Knitting definition

Knitting is a method of constructing fabric by intermeshing

series of loops of one or more yarns

Normally, the knitted structure consists of one set of yarn, weft

or warp, and is divided into weft knitted fabric and warp knitted
fabric.

Knitting is the most common method of interlooping and is

second only to weaving as a method of manufacturing textile
products.

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 Evolution of knitting
Hand pin knitting: 1st recorded in religious painting in
1350/14th century in northern Italy

Stocking hand frame/ weft knitting: invented in 1589 by William

Lee

Many researchers made improvements/mechanized weft

knitting was introduced in 17th century. Warp knitting was
invented in 1769 by Crane and Porter Modernized knitting like
Seamless garment, Fully fashioned garments are widely
produced in Europe, Fareast, middle east

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Hand pin knitting Stocking hand frame/ weft knitting
 Yarn/filaments used for Knitting
The yarn characteristics have a major influence on the
performance of knitting and on the appearance of finished
fabric

Knitting requires a relatively fine, smooth, strong yarn with

good elastic recovery properties

Synthetic fibers are smooth and can be produced to required

fineness, but poor comfort properties

Texturing processes is introduced to increase bulkiness of the

fabric

The yarn count to be used depends on the gauge of knitting

machines

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 Knitting demands of yarn
The following are some of the important yarn quality
requirements for efficient running on knitting machines.
Substantial elongation at break
Low flexural, torsional and initial stretch resistance
Good resiliency - Ability of a yarn to spring back when
crushed or wrinkled
Reasonable tenacity and loop strength
Resistant to fatigue
Regularity of physical ppty(twist, evenness, moisture
content)
Smooth and low frictional yarn properties