British Raj in India

They Came, They Saw, They

Conquered
Adalat system

2
 As Diwan the company became responsible
for administration of civil justice and land
revenue.
1764 to 1772 collection of revenue was
under indigenous machinery.
Two prominent natives Mohamed Reza Khan
and Raja Shitab Roy appointed as
Companys Diwan at Murshidabad and Patna
respectively.
At both the places of two separate English
officers were appointed to supervise the
work of Indian officers. 3
The English servants of the company misused
their power and position to meet their selfish
ends,
which ultimately led to the exploitation of the
people of Bengal and encouraged corruption,
bribery and misappropriation.

To tackle all the problems and to remove

corruption from the administration of justice,
Warren Hastings appointed in Bengal.

4
He appointed a committee consisting of the
Governor and four members of the Council
called the Committee of Circuit.
The committee prepared a Judicial Plan on
August 15th 1772 to regulate the administration
justice and revenue collection.

The judicial plan of Warren Hasting consisted of

37 regulation deal with civil and criminal justice.

Under the his plan Bengal presidency into 36

districts, each having an English official called
the Collector as its head. 5
 Courts were required to maintain an up-to-
date record
Collectors were empowered to make subsidiary
regulations for proper administration of
justice.

6
Bengal served as a laboratory
where experiments were made
in the Adalat system, and
when workable results were
obtained, they were
transmitted to the provinces
of Bombay and Madras
7
Courts under Warren Hastings 1772
Civil Courts

Sardar Diwani Adalat ( above Rs. 500)

Governor, 2 members

Mofussil Diwani Adalat ( up to Rs.500)

Kazi and Pandit

Court of Head Farmer ( Rs.10)

8
Courts under Warren Hastings 1772
Criminal Courts

Sadar Nizamat Adalat

(Daroga)
Kazi, Mufti, 3 Maulvi

Mofussil Foujudar Adalat

Kazi, Mufti and Maulvi
 Courts under Warren Hastings 1772
Civil Courts Criminal Courts

Sardar Diwani Adalat Sadar Nizamat Adalat

Governor, 2 members (Daroga)
Kazi, Mufti, 3 Maulvi

Mofussil Diwani Adalat Mofussil Foujudar Adalat

Kazi and pandit Kazi, Mufti and Maulvi

Court of Head Farmer

 Courts 1774

Civil Criminal (Nawab)

Sardar Diwani Adalt Sadar Nizamat Adalat

Provincial Council of Appeal

(4 to 5 Council Members)

Mofussil Diwani Adalat Mofussil Foujudar Adalat

Amin or Diwan
 Courts 1780

Revenue Civil Criminal

Sardar Diwani Adalat Sadar Nizamat Adalat

Provincial Council ( Divisions) Diwani Adalat

(Revenue ) (Superintendent)

Public Officers of Court Mofussil Foujudar Adalat

CRIMINAL COURTS 1781
(Plans of Elijah Impey)

Remembrance of Criminal Court

Sadar Nizamat Adalat

Mofussil Foujudar Adalat

 Courts under Warren Hastings 1772
Civil Courts Criminal Courts

Sadar Diwani Adalat Sadar Nizamat Adalat

Governor, 2 members Kazi, Mufti, Maulvi

Mofussil Diwani Adalat Mofussil Foujudar Adalat

Kazi and pandit Kazi, Mufti and Maulvi

Court of Head Farmer

 Bengal 1774

Sardar Diwani Adalt

Provincial Council of Appeals

Calcutta Burdwan Murshidabad Dinajpur Dacca Patna
6 6 6 6 6 6

Mofussil Diwani Adalat 36

Amin or Diwan

15
 Courts 1774

Civil Criminal (Nawab)

( Murshidabad )
Sardar Diwani Adalt Sadar Nizamat Adalat

Provincial Council of Appeal

(4 to 5 English servants)

Mofussil Diwani Adalat Mofussil Foujudar Adalat

Amin or Diwan
 Courts 1780

Revenue Civil Cases

Sardar Diwani Adalat
( Above Rs1000)

Provincial Council Appeal Provincial Diwani Adalat

(Revenue ) (Superintendent)
( Rs 1000)

Mofussil Diwani Adalat

( Rs.100)
 1772 1774

Sadar diwani Adalat Sadar Diwani Adalt

Governor, 2 members Governor, 2 members

Provincial Council of Appeal

4 to 5 English servants

Mofussil Diwani Adalat (district) Mofussil Diwani Adalat ( District)

Collector
Amin or Diwn
Kazi and pandit

Court of Head Farmer (Paragana)

Amin
18
 1774 1780

Sadar Diwani Adalat

Sadar Diwani Adalt ( Above Rs1000)
Governor , 2 members

Revenue Civil Court

Provincial Council of
Provincial Council Provincial Diwani Adalat
Appeal
(Superintendent)
4 to 5 English servants ( Rs 1000)

Mofussil Diwani Adalat

( Rs.100)
Mofussil Diwani Adalat
Amin or Diwn
19
 1781
Sadar Diwani Adalat
( Above Rs1000)

Provincial council of appeals 18

Revenue Civil Court

Provincial Council Provincial Diwani Adalat

(Superintendent) (Rs.1000)
(Pandit, Muftis and Maulvis )

Mofussil Diwani Adalat

( Rs.100)
20
 CRIMINAL COURTS 1781
(Plans of Elijah Impey)

Remembrance of Criminal Court (Calcutta)

Sadar Nizamat Adalat

Mofussil Foujudar Adalat

 Sir Elijah Impey complied a Code of Civil
Procedure which was first of its kind in India for
the guidance of the Courts and litigants.