Design summary

Data for calculation

Average family member = 5 (CBS, 2011)
Biomass requirement = 624 gm/ kg rice (Anoopa P.S.,2010)
Biomass density = 670 kg/m3, Pinus roxburghii (Sharma R.,
2008)
Pellets void factor, kv = 1.3 for wood pellets size 50 mm and less
(Paul S.,2010)
Aspect ratio, k = 1.2 (Paul S.,2010)
Calorific value of wood = 18 MJ/kg (Sharma R., 2008)
Lower heating value of syngas, LHVg = 6 MJ/m3 (Basu Prabir,
2010)
Velocity provision, mixture velocity > air velocity > syngas
velocity (Basu Prabir, 2010)
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 Contd..
Assumptions
Total rice requirement for five member family =
1500 gm + 2500 gm = 4 kg (cooked)
Estimated cooking time = 80 min.
Lid clearance is 1 cm.
Holes of outer cylinder have central distance from
base 1.5 cm.
Hole numbers on cylinders (as many holes as
possible,0.8-1.5 cm diam.)

2
 Summary of dimensions
SN Components Calculated Fabricated dimensions Holes Qnt
dimensions y.
1 Inner cylinder Diam. 17.25 cm, Diam. 18 cm, height 23 cm, 38 x10 mm 1
height 22.71cm thickness 2.5 mm diam., at the top
3 Inner base plate Diam. 17.25 cm Diam. 18 cm, thickness 2.5 mm 60 x10 mm diam. 1
2 Outer cylinder Diam. 22.37 cm, Diam. 23 cm, height 24 cm, 35 x12 mm diam. 1
height 23.58 cm thickness 2.5 mm at the bottom

Figure: Inner cylinder, Inner base plate, Outer cylinder 3

 Contd..
Other components
4 Top plate Diam. 29 cm, thickness 2.5 mm - 1

5 Bottom plate Diam. 29 cm, thickness 2.5 mm - 1

with 12 cm pot opening
6 L-supports 2.5 x1.5x1 cm^3 - 3
7 Support rods Diam. 10 mm, height 30 cm - 3

Figure: Top plate, Bottom plate, L-support, Support rod

Exploded and Assembly view

Solidworks Assembly video

 Fabrication
The main points considered for
the fabricaton are
High melting point for
combustion
Weld ability
Cost effectiveness
Locally available

The cost of stove fabrication is Rs. 2500. the fabrication was

performed at Om Shiva Shakti Grills and shutter workshop, Sanepa
 Observations
1. Initial design
Full combustion with red
flame
Smoke formation
Combustion doesnt leads to
pyrolysis
Complete ash formation

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 Contd..
2. First modification
Pyrolysis occurs but takes
time. Syngas starts to emits
after 8th minute of ignition.
Smoke concentration
reduces
Flame sustains for 27th
minutes

8
 Contd..
3. Second modification
Pyrolysis occurs at 4th
minutes from ignition.
Virtually No Smoke
Flame sustains for
whooping one hour and
seven minutes.

9
 Test Results and outcomes
Water boiling test
1. Thermal efficiency
Thermal efficiency(%)
40%

35%

30%
Efficeincy vs stove

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%
Initial stove model First modification Second modification

10
 Contd..
2. Char yield
char yield vs stove variation

Char Yield(%)
40.00%

35.00%

30.00%

25.00%

20.00%

15.00%

10.00%

5.00%

0.00%
Initial stove model First modification Second modification

11
 Contd..
3. Flame sustainability
80

70 67

60

50

40
33
30 27

20

10

0
Initial stove model First modification Second modification
flame sustainability(min)

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Thermal efficiency Vs. Stove variations
Thermal efficiency(%)
40%

35%

30%

25%

Axis Title 20%

15%

10%

5%

0%
Initial stove model First modification Second modification

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Char yield Vs. Stove variations
Char Yield(%)
40.00%

35.00%

30.00%

25.00%

Axis Title 20.00%

15.00%

10.00%

5.00%

0.00%
Initial stove model First modification Second modification

14
Flame sustainability Vs. Stove variations
80

70 67

60

50

40
33
30 27

20

10

0
Initial stove model First modification Second modification

flame sustainability(min)

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 Contd..
Controlled cooking test (CCT)
Parameters Quantity

Weight of raw food (gm) 760+200=960 (Rice + Pulse)

Wood Supplied (gm) 1500

Wood Remaining (gm) 525

Weight of Char (gm) 260

Equivalent Dry Wood consumed (gm) 585

Cooking Time (min) 34

SFC (g/kg) 609

 Contd..
Char test
1. Proximate analysis
The proximate analysis was conducted at Center for Energy and
Environment Nepal (CEEN) following JIS 8812 standard method
80
proximate analysis
70

60

50
percentage

40

30

20

10

0
Moisture Content (%) Volatile Matter Content (%) Ash Content (%) Total Fixed Carbon Content (%)
 Contd..
2. Calorific value test
The calorific value of char obtained was at Nepal
Environmental & Scientific Services (NESS). The test was
conducted with bomb calorimeter that follows American
Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), D 5865- 03a.
Observed value = 6363 kcal/kg
Standard value of charcoal = 6447 kcal/kg for making
briquette