Elements of Poetry:

Sound Devices

8th Grade English/Language Arts Poetry Unit: Sound Devices - Blume

 Take Cornell Notes.

Title is POETRY: SOUND DEVICES Your Name

Todays Date
Blume ELA8
Period

Write words to be Write definitions,

defined and types of explanations, and
poetic sound devices some examples
here. here.

(For these notes, you do not

need to use a summary space,
as you see here.)

2
 Alliteration
The repetition of initial consonant sounds, in two or
more neighboring words or syllables.

The wild and wooly walrus waits and wonders when we will walk by.
Slowly, silently, now the moon
Walks the night in her silver shoon;
This way, and that, she peers, and sees
Silver fruit upon silver trees
-- from Silver by Walter de la Mare

How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?
(almost ALL tongue twisters!)
3
Alliteration examples

4
 Hear the music of voices, the song of a
bird, the mighty strains of an orchestra,
as if you would be stricken deaf
tomorrow. Touch each object as if
tomorrow your tactile sense would fail.
Smell the perfume of flowers
- from Three Days to See by Helen Keller
Alliteration examples

5
 This on
NOT o e is usually
Assonance n
but wh the CST Test
y n ot k
now i t
?!
,

A repetition of vowel sounds within words or syllables.

Fleet feet sweep by sleeping geese.

Free and easy.
Make the grade.
The stony walls enclosed the holy space.

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 Assonance examples

Poetry is old, ancient, goes back far.

It is among the oldest of living things.
So old it is that no man knows how and why the first
poems came.
--Carl Sandburg, Early Moon

on a proud round cloud

in white high night
- E. E. Cummings

I made my way to
the lake.
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 Assonance example
The Eagle
by Alfred Lord Tennyson

He clasps the crag with crooked hands;

Close to the sun in lonely lands,
Ring'd with the azure world, he stands.

The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls;

He watches from his mountain walls,
And like a thunderbolt he falls.
8
 Think of all the songs
s
you know where word
Repetition and lines are repeated
often a lot !

Words or phrases repeated in writings to give emphasis,

rhythm, and/or a sense of urgency.

Example: from Edgar Allen Poes The Bells

To the swinging and the ringing

of the bells, bells, bells
Of the bells, bells, bells, bells
Bells, bells, bells
To the rhyming and the chiming of the bells!
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 Rhythm and Meter

Rhythm is the sound pattern created by stressed

and unstressed syllables.
The pattern can be regular or random.

Meter is the regular patterns of stresses

found in many poems and songs..
Rhythm is often combined with rhyme,
alliteration, and other poetic devices to add a
musical quality to the writing.
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 Rhythm and Meter continued

Example:

I think that I shall never see

a poem lovely as a tree.

The purple words/syllables are

stressed, and they have a regular
pattern, so this poetic line has meter.
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 Rhyme

The repetition of end sounds in words

End rhymes appear at the end of two
or more lines of poetry.
Internal rhymes appear within a single
line of poetry.

Ring around the rosies,

A pocket full of posies,

Abednego was meek and mild; he softly spoke, he sweetly smiled.

He never called
12 his playmates names, and he was good in running games;
 Rhyme Scheme
The pattern of end rhymes (of lines) in a
poem.
Letters are used to identify a poems rhyme
a.k.a
= scheme (a.k.a rhyme pattern).
also as
know
n The letter a is placed after the first line and
all lines that rhyme with the first line.
The letter b identifies the next line ending
with a new sound, and all lines that rhyme
with it.
Letters continue to be assigned in sequence
to lines containing new ending sounds.
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This may seem confusing, but it isnt. Really!
Rhyme Scheme continued

Examples:

Twinkle, twinkle little star a

How I wonder what you are. a
Up above the earth so high, b
Like a diamond in the sky. b

Baa, baa, black sheep a

Have you any wool? b
Yes sir, yes sir, c
Three bags full. b
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 Rhyme Scheme continued

What is the rhyme scheme of this stanza?

Whose woods these are I think I know.

His house is in the village though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.

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From Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost
 Did you get it right? aaba

Whose woods these are I think I know. a

His house is in the village though; a
He will not see me stopping here b
To watch his woods fill up with snow. a

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17
Onomatopoeia Onom
at
consi opoeia is a
dere ls o
sound d a poetic
devic
e.

Words that sound like their meaning ---

the sound they describe.

buzz hiss roar meow woof rumble

howl snap zip zap blip whack
crack crash flutter flap squeak whirr..
pow plop crunch splash jingle rattle
clickety-clack bam!

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I am making a pizza the size of the
sun,
a pizza that s sure to weigh more
than a ton,
a pizza too massive to pick up and
toss,
a pizza resplendent with oceans of
sauce.

I m topping my pizza with mountains

of cheese,
with acres of peppers, pimentos, and
peas,
with mushrooms, tomatoes, and sausage
galore,
with every last olive they had at the
store.

My pizza is sure to be one of a kind,

my pizza Jack Prelutsky
will leave other pizzas
behind,
my pizza will be a delectable treat
that all who love pizza are welcome to
He leaped upon the rail and balanced
himself there, to get greater elevation; his
pipe, striking a rope, was knocked from
his mouth. He lunged for it; a short,
hoarse cry came from his lips as he
realized he had reached too far and had
lost his balance. The cry was pinched off
short as the blood-warm waters of the
Caribbean Sea closed over his head.

He struggle up to the surface and tried to

cry out, but the wash from the speeding
yacht slapped him in the face and the salt
water in his open mouth made him gag.

The Most Dangerous Game by Richard

Connell
Personification

A figure of speech in which things or ideas are

given human attributes.

Examples :

Dead leaves dance in the wind

Blind justice
Winter wrapped her cold fingers around me
The high mountain wind coasted sighing
through the pass and whistled on the edges big
block of broken granite

A scar of green grass cut across the flat. And

behind the flat another mountain rose, desolate
with dead rocks and starving little black
bushes

Flight by John Steinbeck

Metaphor

A figure of speech in which two things are compared,

usually by saying one thing is another, or by
substituting a more descriptive word for the more
common or usual word that would be expected.

Examples :

the world's a stage

he was a lion in battle
drowning in debt
a sea of troubles.
 God looked around His garden
And saw an empty space
He then looked down upon this Earth
And saw your tired face

He knew that you were suffering

He knew you were in pain
He knew that you would never
Get well on Earth again

He knew the roads were getting rough

The mountains hard to climb
So he puts his arms around you and
Whispered Peace be Thine

He closed your weary eyelids

And lifted you for rest
This garden must be beautiful
He only takes the best
Written by an anonymous teenager.
Simile

A figure of speech in which two things are compared

using the word like or as .

Examples :

She felt like a wilted flower.

The boy charged in the room like a bull!
This class is like a 3 ring circus!
 The aliens have landed!
Its distressing, but theyre here.
They piloted their flying saucer
Through our atmosphere.

They landed like a meteor

Engulfed in smoke and flame.
Then out they climbed immersed in slime
And burbled as they came.

Their hands are greasy tentacles.

Their heads are weird machines.
Their bodies look like cauliflower
And smell like dead sardines.

Their blood is liquid helium.

Their eyes are made of granite.
Their breath exudes the stench of foods
From some unearthly planet.

And if you want to see these

Sickly, unattractive creatures,
Kenn Nesbitt Youll find them working in your school;
They all got jobs as teachers!
Stanza

Two or more lines of poetry that together form one

of the divisions of a poem.

poem = stanza as story = __________?

Stanza= paragraph of the poem

Read the following poem- how many stanzas are there?

This drawing represents a

poem with 2 stanzas
with 4 lines each.
 Analogy

A comparison made between two things that

may initially seem to have little in common
Used for illustration and/or argument.

Example:
Hand is to glove : Foot is to sock
Happy is to sad : Hot is to cold
to speak well in the place of the blunt,
disagreeable, terrifying or offensive term.
Example:

death becomes to pass away

Victorians first used limb for leg

Letting someone go instead of firing someone

Use the rest room instead of go to the

bathroom
 Idiom
Idioms are phrases or expressions that have hidden
meanings. The expressions don't mean exactly what the
words say.

Example:
Its raining cats and dogs.
Things got a little out of hand.
Does the cat have your tongue.
A seeming contradiction.
Examples:
It was the best of times. It was the worst of
times.
You shouldn't go in the water until you know how
to swim.
Be cruel to be kind.-from Hamlet by Shakespeare
"Some day you will be old enough to start reading
fairy tales again."(C.S. Lewis to his godchild, Lucy
Barfield, to whom he dedicated The Lion, the Witch
and the Wardrobe)