Professional Documents
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Handbook
ABB Group - 1 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
Need for Bus bar protection
in its absence fault clearance takes place in Zone-II ofdistance relay by remote end tripping
This means slow and unselective tripping and wide spread black out
RL VK > 2 VR
FOR VR TO BE ZERO FOR
VR RCT EXTERNAL FAULT
A B
n A = nB 1 + R A / ZA
1 + RB / ZB
n = TURNS RATIO
R = RCT + 2 RL
Z = MAGNETIZING IMPEDANCE
ABB Group - 6 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
Limitations of High impedance differential
relay
Puts stringent requirements on CTs
Need for dedicated CTs
Identical CT ratios , magnetising impedances
Aux CTs not acceptable
Inability to cope with increasing fault levels
ABB Group - 7 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
RADSS medium
impedance relay
T MD IR1
n MD
Ud3
dR
D2 D1
US
ABB Group - 8 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
REB500 - Numerical Busbar ABB Network Partner AG REB 500
Central Unit
Distributed installation
ABB Network Partner AG REB 500 ABB Network Partner AG REB 500 ABB Network Partner AG REB 500 ABB Network Partner AG REB 500
C C C C
E E E E
E E
ABB Group - 9 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
REB500 - Numerical Busbar and Breaker Failure Protection
Central installation C
Network Control
Cubicle
SCS/SMS Cubicle
ABB Group - 10 -
REB004aE
Busbar protection
Advantages of medium/ Low impedance
relays
Free from any need for Identical CT ratios or matched CT s
Other relays can be included in the same CT core
Increasing fault levels have no impact
ABB Group - 11 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
Gas Density Detectors
Applicable only in GIS
Usually, gas density detectors give alarm
May require intertrip to remote substations
ABB Group - 12 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
Blockable O/C relays
ABB Group - 13 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
Back-up Protection
System protection
3.5 A 5A 5A
Diff. relay
ABB Group - 18 -
RADSS RADSS
A B
ABB Group - 19 -
Sep 16, 2017
RADSS RADSS
A B
# CT DISCONNECTION UNIT
ABB Group - 20 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
SINGLE BUSBAR SYSTEM WITH AUX. BUS & CT ON LINE SIDE
MAIN BUS
AUX. BUS
RADSS
ABB Group - 21 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
USE OF DIRECTIONAL RELAY IN BC CIRCUIT FOR AUX. BUS SELECTIVITY
MAIN BUS
DIR.
RELAY
AUX. BUS
RS/2
Rd
ABB Group - 22 -
RS/2
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
L1 LX
:3 :4 :3
L1 : 0 LX : 0
AB : 0
:1 :2 :1 :2 :1 :2
A A
B B
:1 :2 :4 :1 :2
DA
DB
ABB Group - 23 -
TYPE AB
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
REQUIREMENTS ON THE ISOLATOR AUXILIARY CONTACTS
0% 100%
Main
contact
Aux.
Contact
a
Aux.
ABB Group - 24 -
Contact
b
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
DOUBLE BUSBAR SYSTEM WITH TRANSFER BUS
BUS - A
BUS - B
AUX. BUS
ABB Group - 25 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
APPLICATION OF RADSS TO ABC BUS CONFIGURATION
RADSS - A
L1 L3 L5
BUS - A
BUS - B
L2 L4 L6
ABB Group - 27 -
RADSS - B
Sep 16, 2017
CBIP manual on
Protection of Bus bar protection
Generators, generator
transformers and 220kV
and 400 kV networks
ABB Group - 28 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
1.0
1.0 GENERAL
GENERAL
Bus bar protection is provided for high speed sensitive clearance
of bus bar faults by tripping all the circuit breakers connected to
faulty bus
(i) Bus bar protection must be provided in all new 400kV and 220kV
substations as well as generating station switchyards.
In case of radially fed 220kV substations, having more than one bus
it is desirable to have bus bar protection but is not a must.
ABB Group - 29 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
2.0
2.0 Special
SpecialComments
Comments
2.1
2.1
The D.C. supply for bus bar protection shall be from an independent
feeder
2.2
2.2
Faults lying between C.B and C.T. shall be cleared from one side by
opening of C.B on bus bar protection operation
3 Phase trip relays shall be provided for each circuit breaker which
shall also initiate B.F.P. of concerned breaker
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
C.T wire supervision relays should be set with a sensitivity such that
they can detect C.T secondary open circuit even in case of least
loaded feeder
3.2
3.2
remote stations.
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
Bus bars
For substations of high strategic importance or
where the bus arrangements are complex, the
complete bus bar protection should be fully
duplicated.
In cases where the burn-through time of SF6
switchgear is considered to be shorter
than the tripping time from remote back-
up protection, then also the bus bar
protection must be duplicated.
High impedance bus bar protection is not
recommended when CT ratios are different
ABB Group - 37 -
in the grid
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
Bus bars
T MD IR1
n MD
Ud3
dR
D2 D1
US
ABB Group - 45 -
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection
RADSS CHARACTERISTICS APPLYING TO EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FAULTS RELAY SLOPE S = 0.8
Id1 = SIt3
Slope S= RS / ndRd3 + RS / 2
1 / 1A 1 / 0.675A 1 / 0.325A
RADSS - A
Overall CT ratio 1200/1A
Total maximum incoming current 4000A
Maximum circulating current in the relay (I T3n) = 3.3A
ABB Group - 50 -
This is less than max. permissible circulating current of the relay viz 4A.
Sep 16, 2017
Busbar protection