CHOLERA AND AMOEBA

Prepared by: Michael John V. Flores RN,MAN,USRN

CHOLERA
C
- chan (GIT)
- Frequent diarrhea and vomiting
- Loss of fluid/electrolytes Tissue
turgor Hypovolemic shock
Metabolic Acidosis Death

AKA: Washer Womans Hand

Pathognomic sign: Rice Watery Stool
CHOLERA
H
- High risk for fluid volume deficit
- Altered nutrition: Less than body
requirements
- One to three days (IP)
O - Oral-Fecal route (flies, contaminated
water, soiled hands, milk, and other
foods)
CHOLERA
L
- Loose Bowel Movement
- Stool positive stage

E - Vibrio Cholerae
*can adjust to any temperature
CHOLERA
Rice watery Stool

R
-
Diagnostic Exam: Fecal swab, Stool exam
Dark Field (feature of microorganism)

Antibiotics: Tetracyclic 500mg q C

A Furazolidone 100mg q C
Chloramphenicol 500mg q C
Cotrimoxazole 8mg/kg q C
- Increase IVF
- Oral Rehydration Solution (3g salt, 1g sugar, 1L
water)
MANAGEMENT & PREVENTION
H- Hand washing, Health education
E- Enteric Isolation
A- Aseptic Protective Care
V- Vital signs monitoring
E- Excreta must be properly dispose
N- Intake and Output must be monitored
PATOPHYSIOLOGY
Enterotoxin Intestines Conversion of
ATP CAMP Decrease NA Increase CL
Water loss Altered acid base
AMOEBIASIS
Colon
C
-
- Frequent diarrhea severe bloody
mucoid stool hemorrhage
Intestinal perforation Peritonitis
Death

A - Active (considered communicable)

AMOEBIASIS
M
- MOT: Human Excreta

Oral-Fecal
O
-
Direct: Sexual, orogenital, oroanal, proctogenital

E - Entamoeba Histolytica
AMOEBIASIS
Bloody mucoid stool
B
-
- Blood exam (Increase WBC)
- Stool exam, Sigmoidoscopy

- Antibiotics:
O -
-
Streptomycin
Tetracycline
- Ampicillin
- Metronidazole TID x 5 day
PATOPHYSIOLOGY
1. Infective stage
- Maturity of cyst Excystation
2. Trophozoites stage hatch to large intestine
Binary Fission (splitting)
2.1 Encystation (process of forming cyst)
2.2 Invasion of mucosa
3. Extra intestinal Form
- Infection travels to liver, brain, and lungs
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
1. Acute Amoebic Dysentery
- Slight diarrhea, nausea and flatulence, Abdominal
distention, pain on lower abdomen

2. Chronic Amoebic Dysentery

- Tenesmus (frequency of urgency to stool), Anorexia,
Muscle weakness, weight loss