REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (MALE)

Male
reproductive
system

Accesory sex Supporting

Testes System of ducts
glands structures

Epididymis Seminal vesicles Scrotum

Ductus deferens Prostate Penis

Ejaculatory Bulbourethral
ducts glands

Urethra
 Scro
tum
Terdiri dari jar.subkutan dan
jar.otot polos (m.dartos)

Terletak di bagian anterior dari anus dan posterior dari base of the penis
the supporting structure for the testes
consists of loose skin and underlying subcutaneous layer
 Scrotum
Terdiri dari jar.otot
rangka
 Scrotum
LOCATION OF SCROTUM AND CONTRACTION OF ITS MUSCLE
FIBERS REGULATE TEMPERATURE OF THE TESTES
 Scrotum
Normal sperm production
requires a temperature
about 2-3 C maintained
within the scrotum
Respon dari suhu dingin,
m.cremaster & m.dartos
akan bkontraksi
Kontraksi m.cremaster
moves the testes closer to
the body absorb body
heat
Kontraksi m.dartos causes
the scrotum to become tight
reduces heat loss
 Penis

Contains the urethra

(Sebagian besar urethra
penis dilapisi oleh epitel
bertingkat silindris)
Passageway for
ejaculation of semen &
excretion of urine
Perdarahan arteri penis:
A.pudenda interna (yg
membentuk asal
a.profunda dan a.dorsalis
penis)
 Body (surrounded by
Penis
tunica albuginea):
2 corpora cavernosa penis
Dibungkus o/ tunica
albuginea
1 corpus spongiosum
penis
trdpt spongy urethra
Terletak di urethra dan
mengelilingi urethra

Corpora cavernosa & corpus

spongiosum terdiri atas
jaringan erektil (yg
mengandung ruang
kavernosa bervena yg dilapisi
sel endotel dan dipisahkan o/
trabekula
 Penis

Root
Bulb : attached to
inferior surface of the
deep muscles of the
perineum
 Penis

Glands Penis
Epitel berlapis gepeng dan
bersambung dengan epitel
epidermis tipis yg melapisi
glands
Kelenjar urethra kecil
penyekresi mukus (kelenjar
Littre) trdpt di sepanjang
urethra penis
Pada pria yg tidak disunat,
permukaan glands dilapisi
o/ prepusium (lip.retraktil
kulit tipis dg kel.sebasea)
 Urethra

URETHRA
Terminal portion of the urinary system
Saluran yg dilewati urin dan semen (caira yg
mengandung sperma) untuk keluar dr dalam tubuh
 URETHRA (MALE)
Panjang : 20 cm(prostatic 2-3cm; membranous 1cm ; spongy 15-20cm)
Urethra passes through the prostate (prostatic urethra) deep muscles of
the peritoneum (membranous urethra) penis (spongy urethra)
 Histologi
Mukosa Muskularis
Epithelial Prostatic : (mostly) circular
Prostatic : transitional smooth muscle fibers
epitehlium becomes stratified mbentuk sphincter urethral
columnar/pseudostratified internal pd urinary bladder
columnar epithelium (>>distal)
Membranous : circulary
Membranous : stratified
columnar epithelium
arranged skeletal muscle
Spongy : stratified
fibers mbentuk sphincter
columnar/pseudostratified urethral external pd urinary
columnar epithelium (except bladder
near external urethral
orificenonkeratinized
stratified squamous epithelium)
Lamina propria
Jar.ikat areolar yang terdiri dari
serat elastin dan pexus vena
TESTES
 TESTES

Long 5cm ; wide 3cm;

thick 2,5cm;weight 10-
15 g
Hang within the
scrotum
Histologi Testis
Histologi Testis
 Histologi Testis
Setiap tubulus seminiferus
dilapisi o/ epitel berlapis
khusus
ep.germinal/ep.seminiferus
 Histologi Testis

Membran basal epitel dilapisi

o/ jar.ikat fibrosa ; yg
mengandung sel2 mioid
gepeng
 Histologi Testis
Seminiferous tubules contain two types of
cells:
Spermatogenic cells :
sperm-forming cells laju 2 x 10 / hari pd pria dewasa
Sertoli cells/sustentacular cells :
nourish spermatocytes, spermatids, and sperm;
control movements of spermatogenic cells
release of sperm into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule
produce fluid for sperm transport
secrete the hormone inhibin,
regulate the effects of testosterone and FS
Histologi Testis
Secrete testosteron
 Hormonal Control of the Testes
Certain hypothalamic neurosecretory cells
increase their secretion of GnRH stimulates
gonadotrophs to increase their secretion of LH
and FSH
FSH stimulates Leydig cells, to secrete
testosterone
Via negative feedback, testosterone suppresses
secretion of LH and suppresses secretion of GnRH
as those in the external genitals and prostate, the
enzyme 5 alpha-reductase converts testosterone
dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
 Hormonal Control of the Testes
FSH and testosterone stimulate secretion of
androgen-binding protein (ABP) into the
lumen of the seminiferous tubules and
interstitial fluid around the spermatogenic
cells ABP binds to testosterone, keeping its
concentration high Testosterone stimulates
the final steps of spermatogenesis in the
seminiferous tubules
 Sperm
Each day about 300
million sperm complete
the process of
spermatogenesis.
 Reproductive
System Ducts

Ductus Spermatic Ejaculatory

Epididymis
Deferens Cord Ducts
Epididymis

Functionally, the
epididymis is the site of
sperm maturation

comma-shaped organ about 4

cm (1.5 in.) long that lies
along the posterior border of
each testis
 Head : proximal to the
Epididymis testis
receives spermatozoa from
the efferent ductules
Body : distal to the last
efferent ductule
Tail : ascends to its
connection w/ ductus
deferens
Tempat penyimpanan
spermatozoa

comma-shaped organ about 4

cm (1.5 in.) long that lies
along the posterior border of
each testis
Histologi
 Ductus Deferens
45 cm (18 in.) long
ascends along the posterior border of the
epididymis through the spermatic cord
Functionally, the ductus deferens conveys sperm
during sexual arousal from the epididymis toward
the urethra by peristaltic contractions of its
muscular coat.
Also can store sperm for several months -- Any
stored sperm that are not ejaculated by that time
are eventually reabsorbed.
 Histologi Ductus Deferens
Mukosa
Epitel bertingkat
kolumnar dg sebaran
stereosilia
Lamina propria trdpt >>
elastin
Muscularis
Lapisan longitudinal luar
& dalam
Lapisan sirkular

kontraksi peristaltik kuat yg scr cepat

menggerakkan sperma di sepanjang
duktus
 Accessory Sex Glands
secrete most of the liquid portion of
semen.

Accessory
Sex Glands

Seminal Bulbourethral
Prostate
Vesicles Glands
 about 5 cm (2 in.) in length
Lying posterior to the base of the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum
secrete an alkaline (60% of the volume of semen); (viscous fluid that contains
fructose, prostaglandins, and clotting proteins) neutralize the acidic environment
of the male urethra
fructose is used for ATP production by sperm ; Prostaglandins contribute to sperm
motility and viability ; the clotting proteins help semen coagulate after ejaculation.
 It measures about 4 cm (1.6 in.) from side to side, about 3 cm (1.2 in.) from top to bottom,
and about 2 cm (0.8 in.) from front to back.
The prostate slowly increases in size from birth to puberty (rapidly until about age 30)
secretes a milky, slightly acidic fluid (pH 6.5) that contains :
Citric acid in prostatic fluid used by sperm for ATP production
Proteolytic enzymes(prostate-specific antigen (PSA), pepsinogen, lysozyme, amylase,
and hyaluronidase) break down the clotting proteins from the seminal vesicles
Acid phosphatase
Seminalplasmin in prostatic fluid is an antibiotic that can destroy bacteria
 Bulbourethral Glands
Located inferior to the prostate
During sexual arousal, the bulbourethral glands
secrete an alkaline fluid (not contain sperm cells)
into the urethra protects the passing sperm by
neutralizing acids from urine in the urethra
Also secrete mucus that lubricates the end of the
penis and the lining of the urethra, decreasing
the number of sperm damaged during
ejaculation.
 URETHRA (FEMALE)
Terletak di posterior symphysis pubic
Panjang 4 cm
Dindingnya terdiri dari jar.mukosa dan jaringan muskularis
 Histologi Urethra (female)
Mukosa Muscularis
Epithelium Serat otot polos sirkular
Near urinary bladder : yang berhubungan
transitional epithelium langsung dengan urinary
Near external urethral bladder
orifice : nonkeratinized
stratified squamous
epithelium
Between these areas :
stratified columnar /
pseudostratified
columnar epithelium
Lamina propria
 Berpasangan
Berbentuk seperti kacang
merah
Terletak posterior dari
peritoneum
retroperitoneal
Terletak diantara
vertebrae thoracic 12 &
third lumbar vertebrae
Partially protected by
11th & 12th pairs of ribs
 Histologi
Renal capsule
Jar.ikat yang bhubungan
langsung dg bagian luar dr
ureter
Maintain the shape of the
kidney
Adipose capsule
Protects the kidney from
trauma
Holds kidney firmly within the
abdom.cavity
Renal fascia
Jar.ikat yg mhubungkan ginjal
dg dinding abdomen dan
surrounding structures
Bdekatan dg peritoneum