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Synthesis
Free radical polymerization of acrylic monomer
may be carried out in any four basic polymerization
system.
Bulk : absence of any solvent.
Solution : Polymerization carried out in presence of
solvent
Suspension : Polymerization carried out in presence of
non solvent
Emulsion : Polymerization carried out in the presence of
non solvent, usually water but with water soluble
initiator and emulsifier.
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Solution polymerization of Acrylic
Initiator
peroxy and azo compounds
Di tertiary butyl peroxide (DTBP), AIBN, BPO
Monomer
Solvent
Acrylic ester polymer with short chain are polar and required polar solvent like
ketone, ester, ether and alcohol.
As the side become longer the polymer become less polar and can dissolve in
nonpolar solvent like aliphatic hydrocarbon.
Choice of solvent also depend in their evaporation rate.
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Solution polymerization method
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Controlling molecular weight
during process
Rate of addition :
Degree of polymerization depends
on the rate of addition. Faster rate of
addition will tend to increase the
monomer concentration resulting in
higher molecular weight resin.
Initiator concentration :
As initiator concentration increase
molecular weight decrease.
Type of initiator :
AIBN give lower molecular weight
than DTBP.
Viscosity or molecular weight is
proportional monomer concentration
and inversely proportional to initiator
concentration.
Thermosetting acrylics
Polymer containing backbone monomer, which make up the bulk of
their polymer together with at least one monomer contain a reactive
groups.
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Properties of acrylic
The main properties of acrylic was controlled by
- polymer chain structure
- side chain group in the polymer
The main properties of acrylic used in coating can be classified
into two main groups.
Bulk properties of acrylic
Thermoplasticity
Mechanical properties
Solution properties
Viscosity
Solubility parameter
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Mechanical properties
Depending on nature of alcohol portion of the monomer.
Hardness and flexibility increase with increasing side group.
With higher alcohols, hardness of theses has been increase due to crystallization
of the carbon chain.
The present of methyl group at -carbon with results in closer packing of the
chain cause increasing of hardness.
Straight chain or normal alcohol ester are softer and have high elongation than
resin contain isomeric branch chain,
Table 1 General properties imparted by acrylic and methacrylic monomers
1 w1 w2
= +
Tg Tg1 Tg2
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Selection of Monomer
Table 2 Selection of monomer for film properties.
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for
your attention
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