INTELLIGENCE

ALYX MERICKEL
XELENE AVILES
SEEMA SHARMA
MEGAN COLLISION
PROPERTIES OF INTELLIGENCE
THE ABILITY TO SOLVE PROBLEMS AND TO ADAPT AND LEARN FROM EXPERIENCES

Infant Intelligence
Bayley Scales of Infant Development contains five scales
1) Cognitive
2) Language
3) Motor
4) Socioemotional
5) Adaptive
PROPERTIES OF INTELLIGENCE

Childhood & Adolescence Intelligence

Stability in IQ scores from late infancy to preschool years
Stability in IQ scores from ages 6 to 10
Slightly less stability in IQ scores from preadolescence to age 18
Average range of IQ scores for children aged 2.5 to 17 years old is 28
Capacity for intelligence changes because children are adaptive beings
PROPERTIES OF INTELLIGENCE
Adulthood Intelligence
Crystalized intelligence increases throughout life
Defined: the accumulated information and verbal skills
Fluid intelligence begins to decline in middle adulthood
Defined: the ability to reason abstractly
Both intelligences continually increase into early adulthood, then split off in middle adulthood
K. Warner Schaies Seattle Longitudinal Study
Studied 6 mental abilities: verbal comprehension, verbal memory, numeric ability,
spatial orientation, inductive reasoning, and perceptual speed
Highest level of function (for 4/6 abilities) occurred in middle adulthood
Perceptual speed showed the earliest decline, in early adulthood
Verbal ability did not decline until mid-seventies
Cognitive Mechanics: the hardware of the mind
Decline with age is likely due to biology
Cognitive Pragmatics: the culture-based software of the mind
Likely to improve with age
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES

A condition of limited mental ability in which an individual has a low IQ usually below 70 on a traditional test of
intelligence, and has difficulty adapting to the demands of everyday life. (Santrock, 2016)
Inadequate intellectual functioning
Displays these characteristics by age 18
Can range from mild to profound bases on IQ score
Level of support needed can range from intermittent to pervasive
Causes can be from brain injuries or from problems that prevent the brain from fully developing
Can be from accidents, development in the womb, extra chromosomes, or unknown causes
Life skill classes are taught to children with intellectual disabilities for later in life
Some require aids or therapist during school for extra support
GIFTEDNESS
HAVE HIGH INTELLIGENCE OR A SUPERIOR TALENT OF SOME KIND.

Being precocious
Master an area earlier than their peers. Enjoy learning on their own.
Passion to master
Compelled to gain knowledge and to understand the area in which
they have a high ability. Intense and often obsessive interest to focus.
Self-motivated.
Marching to their own drummer
Need minimal assistance from adults. Make discoveries on their own.
Solve problems in a unique manner.
IQ score of 130 is the lower threshold for giftedness.
Gifted persons tend to have less emotional problems and are well
adapted to their environment. They also tend to be more mature.
 Bibliography

Santrock, J. W. (2016). A topical approach to life-span development. New York: McGraw-Hill.