ROBOTICS&AUTOMATION

INCONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY

PresentedBy:
AbuzarKhan
2016CEC2848
FLOWOFPRESENTATION

Introductionandabriefabouttopic.

Roboticequipmentandtheirapplication.

AutomationMethods.

EmergingtrendsinAutomation.
INTRODUCTION

Constructionisaheterogeneoussectorthat
involvesseveralfieldsofexpertiseandinputs
fromotherindustries.

Theconstructionindustryischaracterizedby:

1)uniquecircumstancesforeachproject

2)Adynamicunstructuredenvironment,with
safetyhazards,severaltemporaryactivities
andchangingwhetherconditions.
ROBOTICSINCONSTRUCTION
Tasksthatcanbemostautomatedarecheapfor
humanlabortoperform.(Seefigureonnext
slide)
Thismakesroboteconomicschallenging(onecan
usecheaplaboraswell).
Therefore,ratherthanlaborreplacement,robot
adoptionseemstobedrivenby:
1.WorkersSafety(i.e.remotedemolitionand
remoteinspection)
2.Efficiency(i.e.realtimesurveying,continous
paving)
3.Pushingtheboundaries(i.e.masstiling)
ROBOTICSINCONSTRUCTION
APPLICATIONS

Demolition
Remotecontrolleddemolitionrobots

1.Concretesawing

2.demolition

3.Waterbasedconcrete
demolition&recycling

AFEWROBOTSINUSE

RobotusedforDemolition ConcreteRecycler
APPLICATIONS
Surveying

o Dronesforaerialmappingandsurveying
constructionsites.

o Allowforrealtimesurveying,improvelogistics
Andcollaborationacrossconstructionteam.

o Thiswouldallowfortremendoustimesaving.
AFEWROBOTSINUSE

Dronesusedforaerialsurveyandlogisticssupport
APPLICATIONS
Paving

o Robotspaveroadwithbricksorconcrete.

o Relieveworkersfromphysicallystrainingwork
whichhelpstoimproveefficiency.

o Processcompletionisfaster,muchmoreclean,
betterfinishedworkandasignificantreduction
inwastage.
PAVEMENTWORKUNDER
PROGRESS
APPLICATIONS
ConcreteFinishing
o Automatedconcretetrowellingandpaving.

o Automatestasksthatisrepetitiveandhardfor
humantodoaswell

o Asimilarsetofrobotsarealsousedforconcrete
compaction.

o Theserobotsrelieveworkersfromthousandsof
operations.
ROBOTSFORFINISHINGAND
TROWEL

FinishingOperation TrowelOperation
APPLICATION
Welding
o Weldingof3Dstructure,steelbeamassembly
andsteelcutting.

o Thisparticularoperationismotivatedfromthe
workerssafetypointasdiscussedintheinitial
slide.

o Theserobotscanclimbthebeamsandthrough
properremoteguidancecanhelpinachieving
excellentwelds
WELDINGROBOT

Atransportableweldingrobotinoperation.
WELDINGROBOT

Ageneralpurposeweldingrobotinoperation
APPLICATION
BrickLaying
o Worksintandemwithconstructionworkers,but
laysthreetimemorebricksthanhumans.

o Oneofthemostmeritoriousadvantageisthatit
canlaybrickinunconventionalpatternsto
achievenovelstructures.

o Thisparticularautomationhasitsmotivationin
achievingbetterefficiencylevelsasdiscussedin
theinitialslide.
 BRICKLAYINGROBOT

Abricklayingrobotsinaction;theworkeralsocanbeseentobe
workingintandem
ANOTHERVARIATIONOFBRICK
LAYING

Heavyconcreteblockhandlingcanbeseenintheabovepicture
APPLICATION
Drilling
o Robotsprovideaccurate,efficientdrillingin
concreteceilingsandpromisesfarlessstrainon
workers.

o Fordrillinginceilingworkershavetotake
uncomfortablepositionandlookup,thiscauses
significantreductioninefficiencyandalsothe
activityisnotthatsafeasladdersareused.

o Seeadrillingrobotinactioninthenextslide.
DRILLROBOTINACTION

Ahighlysimpleandefficientdesignofadrillrobot
APPLICATION

Masstiling

o Roboticproductionof
tilingwork.
o Allowsfortheexistence

oftileswithfinedetail.
o Otherwisethesetiles

wouldbeeconomically
unfeasible.
APPLICATION
Inspection

o Nondestructivetechnicaldiagnosticsofbridges,
tunnelsandotherstructures.
APPLICATION

Exosuits

o ExosuitsandExoskeleton
helpsconstructionworkers
handleheavierloadswithout
hurtingtheirbodies

o Safetyconcernsweretheprime
motivationforthiswork.
APPLICATION
Prefabrication

Botsmanufactureprefabpartsofbuilding.Inthis
case,thepanelsaredesignwithinthespatial
constraintsoftherobot
APPLICATION
Recycling
o Robotshelpsortconstructionmaterialandwaste
foreasierrecycling
APPLICATION
PrefabMasonry

Factorybasedmobilesemiautomatedmasonrywallproductionunit
includingautomatedmortardistribution
APPLICATION
AutonomousTrucks
o Autonomoustrucksarebeingdevelopedto
increasesafetyinconstructionareas.
AUTOMATIONINCONSTRUCTION
ConcreteBatchingPlant(SCADA)
Recentadvancementinautomationtechnology
hasgivenrisetotheautomatedcontrolofplant,
whichistermedasSCADA(SupervisoryControl
andDataAcquisition).

Inthis,theplantiscontrolledthroughthePLC
usingtheautomationsoftware

TheoperatorhastofeedtherecipesoftheMix
fortheparticulargradeofconcretemix.
SCADA
TheSCADAautomaticallyguidestheplant
Systemtotakemeasuredquantitiesofraw
materialslikeCement,Sand,CoarseAggregates,
water,andAddMixtureintothemixerand
mixesittothepredefinedtime.

Aftermixingforthedefinedtime,Mixergatewill
automaticallyopenandconcretewillbe
dischargedtotheTransitMixer.
SCADAOPERATEDPLANT
RFIDENABLEDPDA

ApplicationofRFIDenabledPDAusedinfacilitymanagement
VIRTUALREALITYSYSTEMS

TheVirtualReality(VR)softwaretogetherwith
animmersiveprojectiondisplay(IPD)allows
constructionmanagerstoenterandinteractwith
thecontentsofafullscalebuilding.

Thevirtualmockupoffersfirstpersonpresence,
orthefeelingthatyou'reactuallyintheroom
whenyou'rejuststandinginaspaceboundedby
fivelargescreensthatsurroundyouwitha
projectedimage.
KERBMACHINE
Kerbmachineisusedinconstructionofroads.In
thiskerbmachinethecompletesystemworkson
theclosedloopfeedbacksystemrobotics.

Theinputsarefedtothemachineusingthe
referencestringline.Thisstringlineismounted
aspertherequiredgradeandcurvatureofthe
kerb.

Bothgradeandsteering(Curvature)inputsare
givenonthesamestringlinecreatingthe
referencelinefortherequiredkerbtobelaid
KERBMACHINE

Bothsteeringandgradesensorsofthekerb
machinearefedtothisstringline.

Asthemachineadvances,ifthesensorsenses
anychangesinthereferenceline,accordinglyit
givesthesignaltothecontroller,thiscontroller
proportionallyfeedstohydraulicsystemto
raise/orlowertheheightofthemould.

Thesteeringfunctionalsoworksinthesame
fashionasthegradedoes.
KERBMACHINE
Ifthesteeringsensorsensesanychangesinthe
referencestringlinecomparedtothepreset
value.

accordingly,thecontrollerdirectsthehydraulic
systemtodirectthesteeringasmuchasrequired
untilthesensorattainstheequilibrium.
BARST.ANDCUTTINGMACHINE
Todaythesteelbarcuttingandstraightening
donemanuallyandstandardof12metersare
takenandfromthosebarsoftherequiredlength
iscut,thustheremainingscrapisgenerateddue
toendlengthbediscarded.

Thiscouldbeavoidedbytakingcoilsoftorque
steelinthespecificdiameterandcouldbedone
inautomatedstraighteningcuttingmachine,
whichstraightensandcutstotheRequisite
length,therebysavingtheendcutsand
drasticallyreducingthescrapgenerated
PAVERTECHNOLOGIES
Automatedmachine3Dcontrolsystemincludes
theNavitronicautomaticcontrolsystemintothe
3rddimensioninadditiontothegradecontrol.

Automatedmachinemakesitpossibletocontrol
widthsandpavingdirectionsonthebasisof
digitalplanningdata

Nowadaystheuseof3dcontrolsystemsuchas
laser,totalstation,GPS,iscommoninmoving
theearth.
OTHERAPPLICATIONS

Concretetransportationanddistribution

Positioningofsteel

Fireresisting

Painting

Excavationandearthmoving

Tunneling
EMERGINGTECHNOLOGYI
ContourCrafting
o Contourcraftingislayeredfabricationtechnology
developedbyDr.Behrokh,UnivofSouth
California.

o Greatpotentialforautomatingtheconstruction
ofwholestructureaswellassubcomponents.

o Usingthisprocess,asinglehouseoracolonyof
houses,eachwithpossiblyadifferentdesign,
maybeautomaticallyconstructedinasinglerun,
embeddedineachhousealltheconduitsfor
electrical,plumbingandairconditioning.
CONTOURCRAFTINGASCHEMATIC
EMERGINGTECHNOLOGYII
DShape
o Dshapeisanewroboticbuildingsystemusing
newmaterialstocreatesuperiorstonelike
structure.
o Thisnewmachineryenablesfullsizesandstone

buildingtobemadewithouthuman
intervention,usinga3Dstereolithography
printingprocessthatrequiresonlysandand
specialorganicbindertooperate.
o Thistechnologyhasthepotentialtorevolutionize

thearchitecturaldesignandtheway
constructionisdone.