What if? Imagine for a moment that the last 125,000 years of earths history exist somewhere on a tape, If we could erase the first homo sapiens, and then replay the time until now. As we rewind with every minute an area of natural forests of the size of 10 football fields is restored. The urban land retreats, pristine undeveloped land re-appearing, & the ozone layer being restored. What could have been minus the homo sapiens A 125,000 years ago, which is like yesterday in geological time scale, the world would have been: teeming with whales, giant herds of herbivores & mega-fauna Extinction of many species could have been avoided. No industrial revolution, so no resulting climate alteration in turn. Level of CO2 & CO would be balanced. But now Counting to 10 mn in 2000 BC to 7 bn. at present, with a staggering over 20 bn. cattle population, our energy consumption has increased manifold times The humans march against the globe was followed by wave of mega fauna & flora extinction. Transition Would it still be like that today if we had never existed. Now what would the world be like today if modern humans had never been here. In some respects the answer is obvious i.e. we would have a continuous biosphere That forest extending across the earth. No roads, no fields, no towns. The land would teem with large animals , & the seas with Whales and fishes. PerhapsConvergent Evolution But it wouldnt last, as we would now be entering another ice age or may be not. Perhaps in our absence, one of the other human species- Neanderthals, Homo erectus may have rise to prominence and begin to shape the world instead of us. There is this idea- Convergent Evolution- that if we didnt come along and do all this, somebody else wouldve. Itwouldnt have been identical because theirs so much randomness, and it might have taken longer/short time, perhaps it all would have happened anyway. The point is Intelligence, tool-making, & culture are automatic adaptations, so present scenario seems to be inevitable. I wish I had a crystal ball or an alternate universe viewer. It would have been great to know.