personality,

intelligence, attitudes,
& emotions
 K NOWLEDGE

?
O BJECTIVES

Define personality and explain the basic nature of

personality traits.
Describe the Big Five personality traits, with particular
emphasis on the relationship with job performance, success
on teams, and job satisfaction.
Discuss specific cognitive and motivational concepts of
personality, including locus of control and achievement
motivation.
Define intelligence and describe its role in the workplace.
Define an attitude and describe how attitudes are formed
and how they can be changed.
Discuss the role of emotions in organizational behavior.
 P ERSONALITY

Stable
characteristics Enduring
representing
Influence Behavior
internal
properties Across Various Situations
reflected in
behavioral
tendencies
across a
variety of
situations.
 W HAT D ETERMINES
P ERSONALITY ?

Heredity Environment

Genes Experiences

combination Events

50% personality Socioeconomic circumstances

Other?
 B IG F IVE P ERSONALITY
T RAITS
Extraversion Conscientiousness

Personality

Openness to
Experience Agreeableness

Emotional Stability

Adapted from Exhibit 5-1: The Big Five Personality Traits

 B IG F IVE AND H IGH -
I NVOLVEMENT M ANAGEMENT

Manager Competencies E C A ES O
Delegating to others + + - + +
Developing others + (+) ++ + (+)
Motivating others ++ + (+) +
Associate Competencies E C A ES O
Decision-Making Skills + ++ - + +
Self-Development + ++ + + (-)
Self-Management + + (-)
Teamwork + + ++ + +
Adapted from Exhibit 5-2: The Big Five and High-Involvement Management
 C OGNITIVE AND M OTIVATIONAL
P ROPERTIES OF P ERSONALITY

Authoritarianism

Locus of Self-Monitoring
Control Cognitive and
Motivational
Concepts

Achievement Approval
Motivation Motivation

Adapted from Exhibit 5-3: Cognitive and Motivational Concepts of Personality

 C OGNITIVE C ONCEPTS
Locus of Control

Authoritarianism

Self-Monitoring
 M OTIVATIONAL C ONCEPTS
Achievement
Motivation

Approval
Motivation
 I NTELLIGENCE

Does general intelligence have meaningful

effects on success in the workplace?
W HAT T YPE OF I NTELLIGENCE
D O Y OU H AVE ?

Number aptitude

Verbal comprehension

Perceptual speed

Spatial visualization

Deductive reasoning

Inductive reasoning

Memory
 ATTITUDE

Stable

Directed at;
object

person

idea

Relates to behavior toward

 E SSENTIAL E LEMENTS
OF ATTITUDES
Cognitive

Cognitive

Affective

Behavioral Affective Behavioral

 I NFLUENCE OF ATTITUDES ON
B EHAVIOR
Object, Person, or
Idea

Attitude Toward Object,

Person, or Idea
Behavior Toward
Object, Person, or Idea

Other Influences

Adapted from Exhibit 5-5: Influence of Attitudes on Behavior

 I MPORTANT
W ORKPLACE ATTITUDES

Organizational
Job Satisfaction
Commitment
High Satisfaction Strong Commitment

positive work attitude positive organizational

attitude
Low Satisfaction
Weak Commitment
negative work attitude
negative organizational
attitude
 C AUSES OF
S ATISFACTION AND C OMMITMENT

Role ambiguity

Supervision/leadership

Pay and benefits

Nature of the job

Organizational climate

Stress

Perceptions of fair treatment

 T YPES OF C OMMITMENT

Affective commitment
strong positive attitudes toward organization

Normative commitment
feelings of obligation

Continuance commitment
lack of better opportunities
 C AN Y OU C HANGE
ATTITUDES ?

Persuasive Communication

4. Target

3. Situation

2. Message

1. Communicator
 C AN Y OU C HANGE
ATTITUDES ?

An uneasy feeling produced

when a person behaves in a
manner inconsistent with an
existing attitude.

Cognitive Dissonance
 E MOTIONS

Organizational Impact:
Direct Effect on Behavior

Emotional Labor

Emotional Intelligence
 D IRECT E FFECTS OF E MOTION

Emotional
contagion Positive Emotions Negative Emotions
occurs when Influence: Influence:
emotions Social activity Aggression against co-
experienced workers
by one or a Altruism and helping
Aggression toward the
behavior organization
few members
of a work Effective conflict resolution Workplace deviance
group spread
Job satisfaction Job dissatisfaction
to other
members. Motivation Decision making

Negotiation outcomes
Organizational citizenship
behavior
Adapted from Exhibit 5-7: The Direct Effects of Emotion
E MOTIONAL L ABOR

Outcome depends on
how supervisors enforce display
rules

self-identities of associates

networks of supportive people

 E MOTIONAL I NTELLIGENCE

Appraise emotions
self and others

Regulate emotions
self and others

Use emotions
motivate

plan

achieve
 S TRATEGIC LENS

How can you use knowledge of personality,

attitudes, intelligence, and emotions to make
better hiring decisions?
How could a company use knowledge of
personality, attitudes, and emotions to affect the
organizations culture in ways to enhance
innovation?
How could a manager use knowledge about
personality and attitudes to form a high-
performance work team?

Check out http://wileymanagementupdates.com/

for daily articles related to management in the news .