Dr. TA Larasati, M.

Kes

PENGANTAR PELAYANAN DOKTER

KELUARGA
KARAKTERISTIK

PRIMER

SEMUA UMUR

SEMUA ORGAN

KLINIS
PELAYANAN DOKTER KELUARGA

KOMPREHENSIF

COMMUNITY SPESIFIC PROBLEM

ORIENTATION SOLVING SKILLS

PRINSIP
PRIMARY CARE
MANAGEMENT HOLISTI
K

PERSON CENTRED
CARE
Sample Research Findings in
Health Psychology
One of the strongest predictors of who is likely to have a heart
attack among American adults is a hostile personality trait and a
tendency towards hostile interactions with others.
After surgery, patients in a hospital room with a pleasant view go
home sooner and with fewer complications that those looking at a
blank wall.
Premature infants in the hospital given 15 minutes of light massage
per day gain weight faster and go home sooner
Keeping a diary where one writes about important thoughts and
events boosts the bodys immune system and improves physical
health.
Hostile and conflictual interactions with ones spouse or partner can
suppress the immune system and increase the risk of developing
colds.
Laughter is a powerful painkiller.
Sample Research Findings in
Health Psychology (cont.)
Some people with asthma can suffer full-blown attacks after looking at
artificial flowers.
People with few friends and who lead isolated lives are twice as likely to die
during a given time period.
After a heart attack, patients who owned pets were significantly less likely
to die in the following year.
Blood pressure decreases when pet owners talk to their pets or are in the
presence of their pets during stressful events.
Men who performed volunteer work once a week lived longer and were
healthier than men who volunteered less than once a week.
Depression is a stronger predictor of heart attacks and poor recovery from a
heart attack than high cholesterol or cigarette smoking.
When people watch tropical fish in an aquarium with their full attention,
they lower their blood pressure and heart rate significantly.
People taught relaxation and meditation techniques showed lower blood
pressure and less complications during surgery.
Human Disease: Three Models

Medical Model
Biopsychosocial Model
Epidemiological Model

Human Disease
Medical Model

Emphasis on medical treatment

Youre either healthy or youre not.

Missing important dimensions of health

Psychology and Social aspect are separate
Address disease but may not consider quality of life
(QOL)
Epidemiological Model

Host

Agent Environment
Biopsychosocial Model

Health (and illness) are caused/influenced by

many factors.
Mind and body are not separate
Relationships are significant to health
Health is on a continuum
Biopsychosocial Model of
Disease
Biology
Age, sex Psychology
Disease state Attitudes/beliefs
Genetics/heredity Mood state
Physical symptoms Behaviors
Meds/drugs/addiction Religiosity/spirituality

Environment
School/work place
Church Social
Social norms / cultural norms Support: formal/informal
Community / Health services Roles: work/family/peers
Neighborhoods / National Physician-patient
economy relationship
Mass media Socioeconomic status
Policy / laws
Implications

Consider biological, psychological, and social

factors
Relationships are significant to health
Patient and doctor
Patient and family, friends, others

Keep people healthy rather than wait to treat

them when they become ill.
Example: hIPERTENSI
Psychology
Its always in the back of
Biology
my mind
CARDIOVASCULAR
Guilt: cant work as much
family history
Depression, stress
CEPHALGIA, fuzzy vision,
I just miss DELICIOUS
FOOD

Environment
Healthcare at VA, has to travel Social
Dclass offered Marriage suffering
Fast food everywhere; supersized Doesnt trust doctor
portions (non-compliant)
2nd hand smoke triggers desire to Boss did not promote
smoke Cant play with
Cultural norm embarrassed by grandkids
weight
ST RESSFULL Env