MATERIAL

HANDLING
SYSTEMS
Nidhi Ramola | Nimeshee Singh | Varsha Oleti | Vishwanath Kr.
CONVEYORS
Conveyors are mechanical devices or assemblies used to move items or packages
with minimal effort.
They usually consist of frames that support rollers, wheels, or belts and may be
motor powered or manual devices.
Conveyor selection depends on product type, throughput or speed, elevation change,
and in some cases industry focus.
Conveyors are sometimes custom designed from modular components such as
straightaways, curves, transitions, merges, dividers, etc. Manufacturers of such
components often provide design expertise and installation assistance. Other
conveyors are stand-alone systems, complete with drives and controls.
BELT CONVEYORS

Belt Conveyors are material handling

systems that use continuous belts to
convey products or material.
Intended application, belt type, load
capacity, conveyor length and width, as
well as electrical specifications to be
considered.
Used in food services, baggage
handling, packaging, scrap handling,
and postal service, among many others.
 Various belt materials are available including metals and
non-metals depending on the application requirements.
Can be horizontal or inclined, as required.
Standard Belt Widths: 40mm, 80mm, 100mm, 200mm,
300mm, 400mm & 600mm.
Belt speeds 0.13 to 53m/min
TYPES
Flat Belt:
The carrying run of the conveyor belt is
supported by flat belt or by a flat
surface. They are suitable for low speed
and low capacity
Magnetic Belt:
Either a magnetic slider bed
or magnetic pulley is used to transport
materials.
Troughed Belt:
The belt forms a trough on the carrying
side while running over sets of 2, 3 or
5 rollers They are suitable for bulk
quantity materials.
ROLLER CONVEYOR
Roller Conveyors are material handling
systems that use rollers mounted in frames
to convey product either by gravity or
manually.
Load capacity, roller diameter, and axle
center dimensions, along with the conveyor
overall length and width are to be
considered.
The rollers use gravity, if inclined, to move
the product, or manually if mounted
horizontally.
Applications in Garment Industry: Folding &
Packing
VERTICAL CONVEYOR SYSTEMS

Vertical Conveyors are material

handling systems that move
product vertically between levels
of conveying lines.
Vertical conveyors move material
or product to higher levels within a
facility.
They are further classified as
continuous lifting or reciprocating.
Various sizes and load capabilities
are available depending on the
application.
 ADDITIONAL DATA

Continuous Vertical Reciprocal Vertical

Platform Size 12 wide x 18 deep to Platform Size 16 wide to x 18 deep to
60 wide x 60deep 60 wide x 60 deep

Platform 20 lbs. To 2000 lbs.

Platform Capacity 20 lbs. To 2000 lbs.
Capacity
Rate Up to 40 cases per
Platform type Gravity, powered roller or
minute based on
belt
product size
Rate Up to 3 cycles per minute
Height Differential Up to 50' between in Height Up to 50' between in feed
feed and discharge Differential and discharge

Source: http://www.dshandling.com/vertical-conveyor-systems
 CHAIN CONVEYORS
Drag/Chain/Tow Conveyors use
mechanical devices attached to moving
members, usually chains or cables, to drag
or tow products.
Key specifications include the intended
application, conveyor type and
configuration, load capacity, and power
rating, as well as other electrical
requirements.
Chain conveyors are used for product being
attached to, and conveyed directly by, the
chain and used for moving pallets or other
hard-to-convey products.
RAIL CONVEYORS
The rail conveyor or carousel
stores and retrieves garments,
apparel or clothing from one area
to another, or into the ceiling
space of the store or laundry.
The conveyor can be controlled by
a press button control module, a
computer system and barcode
reader, or a simple hand switch.
Various configurations are
available including electric track,
monorail, trolley, as well as
inclined or ramped. Size & Num of Length of Hanging Overall Length with
Most rail conveyors systems are Positions Capacity Garments
powered and controlled, while 156 14'-1" 8'-0"
some are hand operated. 1092 98'-7" 50'-3"
http://railexcorp.com/products/garment-conveyors/
OVERHEAD CONVEYORS
Overhead Conveyors are material handling
systems mounted from ceilings that use
trolleys or carriers moved by chains, cables,
or similar connections.
Overhead conveyors are used primarily in
material handling applications where the
product needs to be hung such as dry-
cleaning garment lines, paint lines, or parts
handling systems, of for cooling and curing.
Various configurations are available
including electric track, monorail, trolley, as
well as inclined or ramped.
Most overhead conveyors systems are
powered and controlled, while others are
hand operated.
CHUTE CONVEYORS
Chute Conveyors are material handling
systems that use gravity to convey product
along smooth surfaces from one level to
another.
Key specifications include the intended
application, load capacity, and chute
material, as well as the physical
dimensions such as length and chute
width.
Chute conveyors are used for scrap
handling, packaging, postal service, etc.
Chutes are generally smooth allowing the
product to slide easily and can be straight
or curved depending on the application.
PNEUMATIC/VACUUM CONVEYOR
These systems use air pressure or vacuum
to transport materials or items in or through
closed tubes or ducts or along surfaces.
Key specifications include the intended
application, conveyor type or configuration,
and working pressure, as well as the power
requirements.
Are used primarily for dust collection, paper
handling, ticket delivery, etc. and in
processes such as chemical, mineral, scrap,
and food.
Materials for the conveyors can be metallic
or non-metallic depending on the media
being conveyed.
OTHER SYSTEMS
Screw Conveyor
Vibrating Conveyor
Wheel Conveyor
Bucket Conveyor
Slat Conveyor

http://www.thomasnet.com/articles/plant-facility-equipment/types-of-conveyors
USES
For metal detection
For finishing
For drying
For dry cleaning
For steam ironing
For packaging
For transporting pieces from one department to another
Garment sorting
For storage & retrieval
Industrial Truck System
One system is constituted of platform trucks and skids. The high lift platform trucks
and low lift trucks pick up, transport, and set down skid-loaded material. While the
low-lift trucks are used for moving, the high-lift track is used for stacking,
maneuvering and positioning
There Are Two Types Of Trucks Material Handing System
1. Non Powered
4-wheel
Jack Lift
Trailer
2. Power
Fork lift
Load carrier
Narrow aisle
Order picker
Side loader
Tractor-trailer train, etc.
Industrial Truck:
1. Four wheel hand truck:- A rectangular load carrying platform with 4 to 6 wheels, for manual pushing,
usually by means of a rack or handle at one or both end. Some have 2 larger wheels at canter of platform
for easy maneuverability.
a) May be fitted with box or other special body for variety of handling tasks.
b) Inexpensive.
c) Versatile
d) Used for
e) Manual handling of large loads
Supplementing mechanical handling
Low-frequency moves
Short distances
Relatively light loads.
Handling awkward shapes
Weak floors
Small elevators
2. Hand Lift (Jack) Trucks: essentially a wheeled platform that can be rolled under a pallet or skid,
and equipped with a lifting device designed to raise loads just high enough to clear the floor and
permit moving the load Propulsion is by hand and lift is by hydraulic or other mechanism.Platform
type is used for handling skids, and fork type for handling pallets
a) Low cost
b) Durable, minimum maintenance
c) Light weight
d) Compact
e) Simple to operate
f) Versatile
g) Used for---
Loading or unloading carriers.
Supplementing powered trucks, spotting loads.
Moderate distance(50 to 200 ft)
Intermittent, low-frequency use
Low volume moves
Increasing utilization of powered equipment
Captive use in a local area
Loading and unloading elevators
Tight quarters; narrow aisle
3. Fork lift truck: - A self loading counter balanced, self-propelled, wheeled vehicle, carrying an
operator, and designed to carry a load on a fork fastened to telescoping mast which is mounted
ahead of vehicle to permit lifting and stacking of loads.
May be powered by gasoline, diesel, battery, or LP gas engine,
Mast may be tilted forward or backward to facilitate loading and unloading.
Operator may ride in center or at back end of truck or with special attachments, on the lifting
mechanism, with the load.
Operator may sit or stand
Used with a wide range variety of attachment to provide an extremely flexible and adaptable
handling device.
Carries own power source therefore useful away from power lines.
Wide range of capabilities
Electric types especially useful where reduced noise or no fumes and desire
Used for:-
Lifting, lowering, stacking, unstacking, loading, and unloading.
Variable and flexible paths
Medium to large units loads
Uniform shaped loads
Low to medium volume of material
Intermittent moves
4. Platform truck:- A fixed-level, non-elevating, load-carring powered industrial truck
supporting the load on a platform. Smaller capacity models are referred for handling lighter loads
and pickup use.
a) Straight frame: carrying surface above wheels
b) Door frame: carrying surface closer to floor with smaller wheels at end opposite power source
c) Operator normally stands
d) May be gas diesel or battery powered
e) Adaptable with special chassis or attachment
5. Narrow- aisle truck:- In generaland one of servel types of powered trucks capable of
operating in a narrow aisle, by virtue of one of the following freatures
a) But riggers
b) Extendable forks with pantograph, Sliding fork or moving mast.
c) Side loader design
d) Rotating mast
e) Side motion fork attachment
f) Narrow construction
I. Uses less aisle space
II. Relatively maneuverable
III. Indoor models usually electric
IV. 4. Used for:
Order picking
Congested area
6. Reach Truck:- A variation of the straddle truck I which the fork reaches out for the load on a
pantograph type a device which permits the fork to travel forword to engage the load, lift it, and then
retract it to the mast for traveling.
a) Uses less aisle space
b) Maneuverable
c) Weight about 2.0 lb less than counter balanced equivalent
d) Some model can stack loads 2 deep on racks
e) Used for
Warehousing
Narrow aisles
Tight quarters
Low floor load areas
Loading /unloading vehicles
7. Side-loader lift truck:- A powered, 4 wheel truck that picks up the load from the side by means of a
mast, with forks centrally mounted on a bay at the centre of the truck chassis. This arrangement
permits the mast to travel transversely across the chassis and in the extreme outboard position, lift
loads within reach of the forks. The loads is them retracted and placed on the chassis or deck for
carrying.
a) No need to turn into the load
b) May be gas, diesel, or battery powered.
c) Fast load pick up
d) Very maneuverable, for size of load.
e) Quick, safe transport and stacking.
f) One-man operation, even for most large loads
g) Some have pneumatic tires for outdoor use
h) Truck width equals load plus about 3ft
I. Used for
Narrow aisles
Long loads 40 ft or more.
Storing long loads on racks or in piles
With attachment can tandem store 2 loads deep therefore eliminating 2 aisles out of 5
Yard storage work
8. Straddle trunk:- A variation of lift trunk where vehicle is equipped with wheeled outrigger arms
extending forward on the floor along either side of the loads; arms perform the function of a
counterbalance and keep the truck from overturning.
Uses less aisle space.
Can be equipped with reach attachment.
Generally battery powered therefore quiet, low operating cost.
Operator rides, usually in stand-up position at rear of truck.
Meneuverable
Relatively lightweight
Used for:-
Narrow aisles
Tight quarters
Low capacity floors
Loading elevators, trucks, etc.
Warehousing
9. Tractor-trailer train:- A handling system consisting of a 3 or 4-wheeled, self-propelled vehicle
designed for pulling loaded carts or trailers. Common versions are
Rider type
Walkie type
Electronically guided type
1. Motive power is not tied up while trailer are being loaded or unloaded
2. One power unit pulls several load units
3. One tractor can keep three sets of trailers in use- one loading, one unloading, and one
unloading labour is available at terminal points
4. Low cost movement of large quantities
5. Flexible route
6. Three wheeled type tractor extremely meneuverable
Used for:
Greater volume than fork lift trunk
Distances of 200 to 300 ft and above
Warehousing operators to haul loaded trailer from order picking area to order assembly area, and
from receiving to storage
Receiving and shipping, in conjunction with fork-lift truck for loading and unloading carriers
Order picking where driver can also pick orders.
Collecting or delivering loads to a number of location