The Roaring 20s

Social and Cultural Situation

The Red Scare
Scare= Fear / Paranoia
Red = Soviet Union / Russia

Bolshevik Revolution
The Red October 1917
 The Red Scare

Fear of Communism spreading

into America following WWI

Communists used a symbolic red

flag in revolution and wanted
worldwide revolution
To overthrow capitalism
Abolition free enterprise and
private property.

Americans who joined

Communist Party in America
were called Reds
The Revival of Ku Klux
Klan
 Ku Klux Klan
Leader: D.C Stephenson

Began: in Atlanta, Georgia, 1921

Political Ideology:
Anti-communism
Anti-Catholicism
Antisemitism
Christian terrorism
Homophobism
Traditionalism
Nativism
Neo-fascism
White supremacy
White nationalism
we saw our livelihoods being taken away by
Rejected: Jews, Africans,
immigrantsCatholics, and others. Everyone except
., Stephenson.
white protestants from America
 Emergency Quota Act
The 1921 Emergency Quota Act, also referred to as
the Emergency Immigration Act, the Immigration
Restriction Act, the Per Centum Law, and the
Johnson Quota Act was sponsored by Albert
Johnson, the Republican Representative from
Washington and signed into law by President
Warren Harding on May 19, 1921.The Emergency
Quota Act restricted the number of immigrants to
357,000 per year, and also set down an
immigration quota by which only 3 per cent of the
total population of any ethnic group already in the
USA in 1910, could be admitted to America after
1921.
 National Origins Act of
1924
This law reduced the total
number of European
immigrants allowed into the
USA to 164.000 a year and made
the restriction permanant. And
only 2% of each nationalitys
population in the US in 1890
would be allowed.
The 18th Amendment
( Prohibition)
1920-1933

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 Prohibition was known as "the
noble experiment." The phrase
was coined by President Herbert
Hoover, who wrote to an Idaho
senator in 1928: "Our country
has deliberately undertaken a
great social and economic
experiment, noble in motive and
far-reaching in purpose."
10/7/2017
10/7/2017
Wayne Wheeler
10/7/2017
 The Volstead Act,
officially titled the "National Prohibition
Act", was passed on Oct 18, 1919 and
went into effect Feb 1, 1920. It
effectively outlawed the production and
sale of alcoholic beverages unless for
religious or medical purposes. Allowed
for possession or use of alcoholic
beverages in private homes with legally
acquired alcohol.
 Organized
crime and
gangsters like
Al Capone made
a tremendous
amount of
money off the
illegal selling
and
transporting of
alcohol
Led to
Speakeasies-
illegal bars
Valentines Day Massacre-1929- Capone ordered
hit
An excise tax revenue was lost estimated
by $11 billion
Congress spent $300 to enforce the ban
The 19th Amendment
August 18th, 1920.
Woman Suffrage August 18, 1920
What: The U.S. Constitution granted American
women the right to votea right known as woman
suffrage.
Why?: Female citizens did not share all of the
same rights as men mainly on the Right to vote.
Where: the movement for womens rights
launched on a national level with a convention in
Seneca Falls, New York.
When: Auagust 18th, 1920
Who: American native women led by the two
abolitionists Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1815-1902) and
Lucretia Mott (1793-1880) along with the activist Susan B.
Anthony (1820-1906)
 Women of the 20s
Flapper the new
woman of the 20s who
liked fashion and the
urban attitude.
She dressed more
elegantly, started
smoking and drinking
and taking more of an
equal role in marriages.
Women started living
longer, marrying later
and having fewer kids
However:
Most women WERE NOT
flappers and still were very
restricted by economic, political
and social limits!!!
Rise of Popular Culture:
Literature
The lost
Generation who no
longer had faith in
cultural norms. They
looked for new
truths.
F. Scott Fitzgerald
The Jazz Age
The Great Gatsby
Ernest Hemingway
The Sun Also Rises
A Farewell to Arms

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 What is it?
The Harlem Renaissance was a
flowering of African American
social thought which was
expressed through
Paintings
Music
Dance
Theater
Literature
 Where was the Harlem
Renaissance centered?

Centered in the
Harlem district of
New York City, the
New Negro
Movement (as it
was called at the
time) had a major
influence across
the Unites States
and even the
world.
 How does the Harlem Renaissance connect to
the Great Migration?

The economic opportunities of the era triggered

a widespread migration of black Americans from
the rural south to the industrial centers of the
north - and especially to New York City.
In New York and other cities, black Americans
explored new opportunities for intellectual and
social freedom.
Black American artists, writers, and musicians
began to use their talents to work for civil rights
and obtain equality.
 How did it impact history?

The Harlem Renaissance helped to

redefine how Americans and the world
understood African American culture. It
integrated black and white cultures, and
marked the beginning of a black urban
society.
The Harlem Renaissance set the stage for
the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s
and 60s.
Marcus Garvey
Believed AA should
build a separate
societyfounded the
Universal Negro
Improvement
Association in 1914.
Had message of black
pridewanted the same
rights as everyone else.
Encouraged blacks to go
back to Africa to throw
out white colonial
oppressionthis was
called the Back to Africa
Movement
1924 Native American Suffrage Act

Known actually as the

Indian Citizenship Act,
this gave Native
Americans their voting
rights among other
things
Signed by Coolidge
Notable Musicians
Louis Armstrong was a trumpeter
who made it to NYC in 1924 w/
Fletcher Henderson Band and then
took off himselffrom Chicago.
"If anybody was Mr. Jazz it was Louis
Armstrong..." ~Duke Ellington
Notable Writers
Langston
Hughes

Zora Neale Hurston Countee

Cullen
 Mass
Entertainment
 Rise of Popular Culture:
Mass Media
The Golden Age of Radio
First commercial radio
stationKDKA in Pittsburgh
Radio programscomedy,
drama, science fiction,
childrens programs
Music, sports, News
It creates a national culture

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Because of radio
coverage, There were
sports heroes
For example, Babe
Ruth the Baseball
player, played for
Yankees, hit 60
homeruns in 1929 and
Red Grange in
football and Jack
Dempsey in boxing
 Charles Lindberghs Flight
The first non-stop flight across
the Atlantic Ocean from NY to
Paris, and became a huge
American Hero.
Rise of Popular Culture:
Motion Pictures
Charlie Chaplainthe
little tramp
Rudolph Valentino
heart throb
The Jazz Singer
(1927)first with sound
Steamboat Willie (1928)
Introduced Mickey
Mouse to the world
First cartoon with
sound

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 Education: Science Vs
Religion

.
The Butler Act was a 1925 Tennessee law prohibiting
public school teachers from denying the Biblical
account of man's origin. It was enacted as Tennessee
Code Annotated Title 49 (Education) Section 1922,
having been signed into law by Tennessee governor
Austin Peay.
 Social Changes during the 1920s

What was the Scopes Trial?

John Scopes

In 1925 -- A biology teacher John Scopes, was illegally

teaching abou the theory of evolution in his classroom.
America is dominated by strong Christian people who do not
want Darwinian theory of evolution taught in the classroom.
Scopes is convicted and charged $100
**Trial symbolizes tension in the
1920s between those for change and
those in favor of traditional, older beliefs
and values