INTERNSHIPS

Aneesh Patil
Internship at Indian Institute of Technology -
Bombay
1. Introduction

2. Experimental procedure

3. Results

4. Pictures
Introduction

- A solar thermal collector is a device which has which absorbs thermal energy
from sunlight which is transferred to the stored water

- The metal used in the device is the most essential component

- In my experiment, I tested out, which type of titanium sheet is the most efficient
thermal energy absorber

- Fig.1 shows a basic structure of a thermal collector

473 348 - spra.org.uk

Fig. 1
2. Experimental Procedure
I used 5 titanium chips and treated all of them under different conditions: anodisation
and annealing. Anodisation was carried out with cathode and anode consisting of
titanium chips with a mixture of ethylene glycol, ammonium fluoride and water as the
electrolyte. Each chip which was to be tested was anodised for either 10 seconds or 30
seconds. More the time it was kept, greater the amount of oxide layer formed on the
surface. A closer look at the oxide layer also showed me the presence of nanotubes.
Annealing was done in a furnace at 450 degrees celsius for either 30 minutes or 60
minutes. By altering the independent variables, I attempted to measure the chip with
the best thermal absorbance by attaching a thermocouple and a heat source for over a
period of 60 minutes.
Experimental Procedure Contd.
5 Titanium chips were named S1, S1B2, S2B1, S2B2 and control

S1: Titanium chip was annealed for 1 hour at 450 degrees celsius

S1B2: Anodised using electrolysis with another titanium chip on the cathode for 30
seconds

S2B1: Anodised for 10 seconds. Annealed for 30 minutes at 450 degrees celsius

S2B2: Anodised for 30 seconds and annealed for 1 hour at 450 degrees celsius

Control: Neither anodised nor annealed. Kept at room temperature

Each chip was then placed subjected to heat for an hour. A thermocouple (type K) was
attached to the chip which was connected to a laptop. With the aid of technology, I
used a data logger, HoboWare to graph the temperature changes over 60 minutes.
The one with the greatest temperature after 60 minutes, would be the the better metal
to be used in a solar collector.

Fig. 3
 Experimental Procedure Fig. 3

Overall Setup of my experiment

Results
S2B2 - 30s anodised+60 minutes annealed chip ended with the highest temperature
(dotted line: s2B2; solid line: control titanium chip)
Results
Through the experiment, I could conclude that the titanium chip with greater amount
of black oxide layer formed on it (had more nanotubes) was the better conductor out
of all.

I would like to bring a change in the community in the society by promoting the usage
of renewable resources such as solar energy. Hence, I would like to make an efficient
solar collector which attracts several people to the usage of renewable resources.
With the PHD students and the professor
Internship at Indian Institute of Technology -
Delhi
1. Introduction

2. Experimental procedure

3. Results

4. Pictures
Introduction
- A rectifier is a device that converts periodically moving voltage (AC) into a
constant voltage (DC). This process involves a diode bridge but this experiment
uses 2 diodes only.
- Since several house-hold machines work on DC, whereas the input is AC, I was
really curious to know how that happens until I dropped by at IIT-D and spent
time with the professors and students there to understand the basics of electricity
and electrical components

- At IIT-D, I constructed a full wave rectifier and measured the ripple factor of the
output DC
Circuit made on a breadboard
Circuit:
Output
I also learnt that the final DC output cannot be
100% of the AC input because of the ripple factor
which is the undesired component of the output. It
stops the DC voltage from being a straight line.
Hence, on the CRO, I received a curved graph
(yellow graph)
With the professors of IIT-D Electrical
Engineering Dept.
Ericsson Internship

1. Introduction

2. Visit to base station

3. Pictures
- Telecommunications has been something that always sparked curiosity inside of
me: how does a phone call take place, how do we make international calls etc.

- I got a chance to intern at the worlds leading telecommunications company,

Ericsson

- I got to interact with several people at the Ericsson office, Mumbai. I spoke to
them about their business ideas, research & development and details about their
plans/thoughts on 5G

- I also visited one of Mumbais two Base stations and saw the functioning of a
mobile switching center in order for a call to take place
Spending time at Ericsson office
Visit to Base Station
Instrument that measures the intensity of radio frequency in a location. If it crosses the
limit set by the government of India, the internet service providers need to rectify the
situation from the base station and pay a fine. Since I was near a radio mast, the
frequency was relatively higher, but within the limits.
Visit to Base station
Inside the base station, there are MSC units which Ericsson has manufactured.
Moreover, towers all across Mumbai can be monitored from here. I also saw them
troubleshooting a faulty radio tower