Regents Biology 2006-2007

Photosynthesis:
Life from Light and Air

Regents Biology 2006-2007

 Plants are energy producers
Like animals, plants need energy to live
unlike animals, plants dont need to eat
food to make that energy
Plants make both FOOD & ENERGY
animals are consumers
plants are producers

Regents Biology
 How do plants make energy & food?
Plants use the energy from the sun
to make ATP energy
to make sugars

glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more

sun

ATP

sugars
Regents Biology
 Building plants from sunlight & air
Photosynthesis
2 separate processes sun
ENERGY building reactions
collect sun energy
use it to make ATP
SUGAR building reactions ATP
take the ATP energy
collect CO2 from air &
H2O +
H2O from ground
use all to build sugars
CO2

carbon dioxide water sugars sugars

CO + HO C6H12O6
Regents Biology
2 2
 Using light & air to grow plants
Photosynthesis
using suns energy to make ATP
using CO2 & water to make sugar

in chloroplasts

allows plants to grow

makes a waste product

oxygen (O2)
(ATP) = used to build the sugar
carbon sun
+ water + energy glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + sun C6H12O6 + 6O2
Regents Biology
energy
 What do plants need to grow?
The factory for making
energy & sugars Make ATP!
Make sugar!
sun I can do it all
chloroplast And no one
even notices!
Fuels
sunlight CO2
carbon dioxide
ATP

water enzymes
The Helpers
enzymes H2O
sugars
Regents Biology
 Photosynthesis sun

ENERGY
building
reactions
ADP ATP
SUGAR used immediately
building to synthesize sugars
reactions

H2O sugar
Regents Biology
CO2
 Chloroplasts are only in plants
animal cells plant cells

Regents Biology
 Chloroplasts absorb
Leaf sunlight & CO2

Leaves sun CO2

Chloroplasts
in cell

Chloroplast
Chloroplast
Chloroplasts make
contain ENERGY & SUGAR
Chlorophyll
Regents Biology
 So what does a plant need?
Bring In
light leaves
CO2

H2O

Let Out
O2 shoot
Move Around
sugars roots

6CO2 + 6H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6O2

Regents Biology energy
 vascular bundle (vein)
Leaf Structure
xylem (water)
cuticle phloem (sugar)
epidermis
palisades
layer

spongy
layer
epidermis
cuticle stomate guard
Regents Biology
cells
 xylem (water)
Transpiration

O2 H O
2
CO2

CO2 in stomate guard

O2 out cells
water out O2 H2O CO2
so itBiology
Regents gets to leaves from roots
 Transpiration
Water evaporates from
the stomates in the
leaves
pulls water up from
roots
water molecules stick
to each other
more water is pulled
up tree from ground

Regents Biology
 Function of Leaf Structures
Cuticle
waxy coating reduces water loss
Epidermis
skin protecting leaf tissues
Palisades layer
high concentration of chloroplasts
collecting suns energy
photosynthesis
making ATP & sugars
Spongy layer
air spaces
gas exchange
CO2 in for sugar production, remove waste O2
Regents Biology
 Stomates & Guard Cells
Function of stomates
CO2 in
O2 out
H2O out
gets to leaves for photosynthesis
Function of guard cells
open & close stomates
guard cell

stomate

Regents Biology
 Guard cells & Homeostasis
Homeostasis
keeping the internal
environment of the
plant balanced
Stomates open
let CO2 in
needed to make sugars
let H2O out
needed for photosynthesis
let O2 out
get rid of waste product
Stomates close
if too much H2O evaporating
Regents Biology
 Xylem
carry water up from roots

Regents Biology
 Phloem: food-conducting cells

carry sugars around the plant

wherever they are needed
new leaves
fruit & seeds
Regents Biology roots
 How are they connected?
Respiration
glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energy
dioxide
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Photosynthesis
carbon sun
+ water + energy glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
Regents Biology
 Energy cycle sun

Photosynthesis
plants

CO2 H2O glucose O2

sugars

animals, plants

Cellular Respiration
The Great Circle
of Life! ATP
Regents Biology Mufasa?
 sun
Another view capture
light energy

Photosynthesis
producers, autotrophs synthesis

CO2 organic O2
H2O molecules waste
waste waste food
consumers, heterotrophs digestion
Cellular Respiration

release
chemical energy
ATP
Regents Biology
 The poetic perspective
All of the solid material of every plant
was built out of thin air
All of the solid material of every animal
was built from plant material

air sun
Then all the cats, dogs,
mice, people & elephants
are really strands of air woven
together by sunlight!
Regents Biology
 Got the energy
Ask Questions!!

Regents Biology 2006-2007