VELOCITY & ACCELARATION

SPEED & VELOCITY

The distance it moves per unit of time.

V = distance/time

Average speed = distance traveled / time elapsed

Ave. Velocity = displacement / time elapsed

Sample Problem

An automobile traveled by a circuitous path for a time

of 3.0 hr and covered a total distance of 180 mi.

A. What was the average speed in feet per second?

B. If at the end of the trip the car was exactly 60 mi North
of its starting point, what was the average velocity?
Sample Problem

A motorist has to travel 3.50 km in a city where his

average speed should not exceed 25 km/hr. If he
increases his average speed to 40 km/hr, how much
time will he gain in his journey?
Sample Problem

Runner A can run the mile race in 4.25 min. Another

runner B requires 4.55 min to run this distance. If they
start together and maintain their normal speeds, how
far apart will they be at the finish of the race?
Sample Problem

A train starts from rest and at the end of 90 seconds

has a speed of 30 km/hr. What is its acceleration?
Uniformly accelerated motion
Motion in a straight line in which the direction is
always the same and the speed changes at constant
rate.
Projectile
Is an object which is given an
initial velocity and which is then
allowed to move under the
action of velocity.
Projectile
Projectile
Projectile

In projectile motion the vertical and horizontal

motions are treated separately.
Horizontal projection as a constant velocity
motion
Vertical projection as a freely falling body.
Projectile
Projectile

1 = 1cos

1 = 1sin
Projectile

A projectile is fired with a muzzle velocity of

300m/s from a gun aimed at an angle of 30
degrees with the horizontal
How high in km will it rise?
When will it fall back to the ground in
minutes.
Projectile
A projectile is fired with a muzzle velocity of
300m/s from a gun aimed at an angle of 20
degrees with the horizontal from the top of the
building 30m high above the level ground.
When will it hit the ground?
How far horizontally will it hit the ground
in km.
With what velocity will it hit the ground.
Projectile

A baseball is thrown from a horizontal plane

following a parabolic path with an initial
velocity of 100m/s at ang angle of 30degrees
above the horizontal. How far from the
throwing point will the ball attain its original
level.
Work, Energy, and Power
Work
There is a force and a displacement along the line of the force.
Work = Force x displacement
= ( cos ) ()
= .
Sample Problem
A box is pushed without acceleration 5m along a horizontal
floor against a friction force of 180N. How much work is
done?

What work is performed in dragging a sled 50ft horizontally

without acceleration when the force 60lb is transmitted by a
rope making an angle of 30 degrees with the ground.
Energy
The property of the body or system of bodies by virtue of
which work can be performed.

Energy

Potential Energy Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy
The Energy which bodies posses by virtue of their positions,
configurations, or internal mechanism.
= =

Kinetic Energy
The Energy that is measured by the amount of work it will do if brought to rest
or by the amount of work originally needed to impart the velocity to it, where
work cannot go into potential energy.
1
= 2
2
Sample Problem
A 400 lb stone is hoisted to the top of a building 100 ft high.
How much does its potential energy increase?

What is the kinetic energy of a 3000lb automobile which is

moving at 30 mi/hr?
Power
The time rate of doing work.
Sample Problem
By the use of a pulley a man raises a load of 50kg to a height of 15m
in 65 s. Find the average power required.

What power (hp) is needed to move a 3000lb car up an 8 degree

incline with a constant speed of 50mi/hr against a friction force of
80lb.