LED VS.

HID
LIGHTING
EFFICIENCY
KHADIJA QAYYUM
****-***-EE-****
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY. LAHORE.
LEDs have gotten a great deal
of attention lately, but do they
really have what it takes to
outperform the tried-and-true
favorites in the HID category?

VS
Well heres a head-to-head
comparison of the two.
WORKING OF A LED
LEDs are made of semiconductor material where when an
electron combines with a positive ion, the electric potential
energy gets converted to electromagnetic energy and this
occurs in form of emission of a photon of light.

This photon has a frequency determined by the

characteristics of the semiconductor material.
WORKING OF A HID

HIDs are a class of gas-discharge arc lamps that form light

by transmitting an electrical current between two electrodes
and an ionized gas. The light radiates from the arc when
charged electrons change orbit as they interact with the gas.
Every HID requires a ballast to regulate its power and to
create the initial surge of electricity that allows the light to
start. These lamps are known for producing greater
illumination than halogen bulbs while consuming less power.
HIDS & LEDS COMPARED
1. ENERGY EFFICIENCY
LEDs are very efficient relative to every lighting type on the
market. Typical source efficiency ranges 37 and 120
lumens/watt.
HIDs are very efficient compared to CFL and incandescent
lights (120 lumens/watt source efficiency). They lose out to
LEDs principally because their system efficiency is much
lower, due to all of the losses associated with
omnidirectional light output and the need to redirect it to a
desired area
LIFESPAN
LEDs dont have a filament to burn out or break; therefore,
they last much longer than conventional bulbs. Given that a
very small semiconductor chip runs an LED, they are very
durable and tend to last many thousands of hours. LEDs last
longer than any light source commercially available on the
market.
HIDs exhibit an end-of-life phenomenon known as cycling
where the lamp goes on and off without human input prior to
eventually failing entirely.
CYCLING
LEDs are an ideal light for purposely turning on and off
because they respond rather instantaneously (there is no
warm up or cool down period). They produce steady light
without flicker.
HID lights require a noticeable warm up period that ranges
from half a second in the case of car lights to several
minutes in the case of stadium lighting
COST
LED lighting has relatively high initial costs and low lifetime
costs. The technology pays the investor back over time (the
payback period).

HID is relatively cheap to purchase but it is relatively

expensive to maintain.
OTHER LED BENEFITS:
LEDs emit light for 180 degrees.
LEDs produce a very narrow spectrum of visible light without
the losses to irrelevant radiation types (IR or UV) associated
with conventional lighting.
LEDs emit very little forward heat. The only real potential
downside to this is when LEDs are used for outdoor lighting in
wintery conditions
LEDs are solid state lights (SSLs) that are difficult to damage
with physical shocks.
LEDs can be extremely small (less than 2mm in some cases)
and they can be scaled to a much larger size. All in all this
makes the applications in which LEDs can be used extremely
diverse.
THE RESULTS: LED VS. HID
LIGHTING EFFICIENCY
In this matchup, LEDs come out the winner in four major
areas: efficiency, lifespan, durability, and low maintenance.
However, there are still some instances where an HID is still a
smart choice.
In conclusion, LED technology is advancing all the time and
their benefits justify the higher upfront cost over HID lighting
in most applications
REFRENCES
https://www.elprocus.com/led-light-sources/
http://www.stouchlighting.com/blog/lighting-comparison-led-
versus-hid
http://www.innovativelight.com/hid-vs-led-lighting/
http://arklighting.co/2013/10/comparison-of-led-v-other-light-
sources-including-hid/
http://www.premierltg.com/light-fights-led-vs-hid/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-intensity_discharge_lamp