Hydraulics Structures

S.ROHIT KUMAR
N140147
E2-CIVIL
RGUIIIT-NUZVID
CONTACT NO:-7675071526
EMAIL:-SROHITKUMAR147@GMAIL.COM
 Content
What is Hydraulics

Hydraulics Structures

Classification of Hydraulics Structures

Classification Based on Material

Classification Based on Function

Uses of Hydraulics Structures

Disadvantages of Hydraulics Structures

References
 What is Hydraulics?
Hydraulics is a topic in engineering dealing
with the mechanical properties of liquids or fluids.

Hydraulics Structure
A Hydraulic Structure is a structure submerged
or partially submerged in any body of water, which disrupts
the natural flow of water.
Ex: Dams, Spillways, etc..
 Classifications

Classification of hydraulics structures on the Basis of Material

1) Earth fill

2) Rock fill

3) Concrete

4) Stone masonry

5) Timber

6) Steel coffer
Earth fill hydraulics structure

Earth fill dam cross-section

Earth fill Dam

Rock fill hydraulics structure

Rock fill dam over view

 Concrete hydraulics structure

Hoover dam(Nevada) over view Butters dam over view

 Stone masonry hydraulics structures

Graig goch reservoir & masonry dam in the elan Roosevelt Dam original masonry
valley powys wales
Timber hydraulics structures
Steel coffer hydraulics structure
 Classification of hydraulic structures on the basis of
function
1) Flow control structures:
They are used to regulate the flow and pass excess
flow. They might be gates, spillways, valves or outlets.
Water Gates:
Water control gates are used to control the mass flow of
water or wastewater in various environmental and process
applications. They are usually square and rectangular in
shape and made of stainless steel or galvanized aluminum
Water gates
 Spillways:
A spillway is a structure used to provide for the controlled release
of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area, typically
being the river that was dammed. Spillways release floods so that
the water does not overtop and damage or even destroy the dam
2) Flow measurement structures:
They are used to measure discharge. They are weirs, orifices ,
flumes etc.
Weirs: A weir is a small overflow dam used to alter the flow
characteristics of a river or stream.

WEIRS
 Flumes:
A flume is an open artificial water channel, in the form of a gravity chute, that
leads water from a diversion dam or weir completely aside a natural flow.

Flume header
3) Division structures:
They are used to divert the main course of water flow. They are
coffer dams, weirs, canal headworks, intake works
Cofferdam:
A cofferdam (also called
coffer) is an enclosure within
a water environment
constructed to allow water to
be pumped out to create a
dry work environment.
4) Conveyance structures: they are used to guide the flow
from one place to another. They are open channels,
pressure conduit, pipes, canals and sewers.

Water sewer:
Effluent sewer
is a wastewater collection
system that pumps only the
liquid portion of sewage. At
each home, a buried tank
collects and passively
separates solids from the
liquid effluent
5) Collection structures: they are used to collect water
for disposal. They are Drain inlets, infiltration galleries,
wells.
Drain inlets:
In the design of
storm water drains, the
openings used to drain
storm water runoff into
the storm sewer system
may be a curb inlet,
gutter inlet, or a
combination of the two.
 Infiltration Gallery
Infiltration
Galleries or Wells
can be constructed
near perennial
rivers of ponds to
collect infiltrated
water for all
domestic puroses.
6) Energy dissipation structures: they are used to
prevent erosion and structural damage. They are
stilling basins, check dams.

Check dam:
A check dam is a small,
sometimes temporary,
dam constructed across
a swale, drainage ditch,
or waterway to
counteract erosion by
reducing water flow
velocity.
 Stilling dams:
A basin constructed
to dissipate the energy
of fast flowing water. In
latest techniques some
spillways are design in
such a manner that do
not required stilling
basin
7) River training and water stabilizing structures: they are
used to maintain river channel and water transportation.
They are Levees, locks, culverts

Culverts:
A culvert is a structure
that allows water to flow under
a road, railroad, trail, or similar
obstruction from one side to the
other side. Typically embedded
so as to be surrounded by soil, a
culvert may be made from a
pipe, reinforced concrete or
other material.
8) Sediment and quality control structures: they are used to
control or remove sediments and other pollutants. They are
traps, sedimentation tanks, filters, sluiceways.

sedimentation tank:
A sedimentation tank allows
suspended particles to settle out
of water or wastewater as it
flows slowly through the tank,
thereby providing some degree
of purification. A layer of
accumulated solids, called
sludge, forms at the bottom of
the tank and is periodically
removed
9) Hydraulic machines: they are used to convert energy from
one form to another. They are turbines, pumps, ramps.
Turbines:

A turbine is a
turbomachine with at least
one moving part called a
rotor assembly, which is a
shaft or drum with blades
attached. Moving fluid
acts on the blades so that
they move and impart
rotational energy to the
rotor.
Kentucky Dam
10) Storage structures: they are used for the purpose
of storage of water. These may be dams or tanks etc.
Dams:

A dam is a barrier that

impounds water or underground
streams. Dams generally serve
the primary purpose of retaining
water, while other structures
such as floodgates or levees (also
known as dikes) are used to
manage or prevent water flow
into specific land regions

Hoover dam(Nevada) over view

 Different types of dams:
Arch Dam
Butters Dam
Coffer Dam
Diversion Dam
Embankment Dam
Gravity Dam
Hydropower Dam
Industrial Waste Dam
Masonry Dam
Overflow Dam
Regulating (After bay) Dam
Saddle Dam (or Dike)
11) Shore protection structures: they are used to protect
banks. Dikes, groins, jetties, revetments
Groins - Groins are the oldest and Revetments - Revetments are a
most common shore-connected, cover or facing of erosion resistant
beach stabilization structure material placed directly on an
existing slope, embankment or dike
to protect the area from waves and
strong currents
 Uses: Disadvantages:
Irrigation Land consumption of big structures
& Problems near by villages
Hydro power
Floods in cities and drainage
Fisheries management
Tourist spots
Flood management
Drought management
Drinking water
Etc
 Web sites I referred:
www.google.co.in
www.scribd.com
www.alamy.com
www.ussd.com
lib.rus.eu(Library Genesis)
www.civilengineeringforall.com
Thank You
MOTHER NATURE