Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dr.Meetu Khosla
Psychology Department
DRC
University of Delhi
2 April 2012
meetukhosla@yahoo.co.in
Definition of Counseling
A supportive and empathic professional
relationship that provides a framework for the
exploration of emotions, behaviors, and thinking
patterns, and the facilitation of healthy changes.
Counseling is directed towards people
experiencing difficulties as they live through the
normal stages of life-span development.
Deals with personal, social, vocational,&
educational concerns.
Definitions of Counseling
It is conducted with those persons considered
within the normal range of functioning (adjustment,
development, situational concerns, problems need short-term
treatment, clarification).
It is theory based, takes place in structured
setting.
Clients learn how to make decisions, formulate
new ways of behaving, feeling, and thinking .
It involves choice, change, evolving through distinct
stages as exploration, goal setting, and action.
Functions of Counseling
Remedial
Functional Impairment
Preventive
Anticipate and Accommodate
Enhancement
Human Potential
SUB-SPECIALITIES OF
COUNSELING
School counseling
Marriage and Family counseling
Mental Health counseling
Rehabilitation counseling
Career counseling
WHEN DO YOU NEED HELP?
When life becomes static?
Feel out of control?
Seek new directions in life?
Stuck up in a situation?
Unable to make a decision?
Conflict?
NEED TO BECOME A COUNSELOR
Motivational Factors:
Personal Factors:
Desire/ability to learn
Healer
Integrated personal self
Balanced interpersonal and technical
competence
Qualification
Authentic
Can Studying Counseling be
helpful?
Make you healthier
Gain insight into your own life
Obtain knowledge and Skills in relating to
others
Resolve personal emotional distress
Overcome feelings of loneliness
Self-therapy
Realize how counseling process works
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
COUNSELLOR
Maturity
Empathy
Warmth
Genuine
Positive Regard
QUALITIES OF AN EFFECTIVE
COUNSELOR
Intellectual Competence:
Energy: must be active in their sessions
Flexibility: adapt to the needs of the client
Support: helps client to make decisions, hope
Goodwill: promotes client independence
Self-awareness: knowledge of attitudes, feelings
Congruent
CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFECTIVE
COUNSELORS
Good psychological health
Sensitivity
Open-mindedness
Objectivity
Trustworthiness
Interpersonal Attractiveness
Ability to Communicate
COMPONENTS OF COUNSELING
PROCESS
Relationship Building
Assessment and Diagnosis
Goal Setting
Intervention and Problem solving
Termination and Follow-Up
1.BUILDING A COUNSELING
RELATIONSHIP
A. Building a structure:
a joint understanding b/w the client & the
counselor regarding the characteristics,
conditions, procedures of counseling
(schedules, sessions, time limit, expectations,
fees,setting, Confidentiality, privacy etc.)
Informed Consent
Develop a collaborative working alliance b/w the
counselor and the client
1.BUILDING A COUNSELING
RELATIONSHIP
B. Building an Initiative:
Be a judgmental counselor
Jump to conclusions
Make language errors (e.g. parroting,
jargon)
2.Assessment and
Diagnosis
Purpose Of Assessment
Systematic way to obtain information
about the clients problems, concerns,
strengths, resources, and needs.
Small
Cognitive
Behavioral
Interpersonal/Systemic
At The Affective Level
Person-centered therapy
Gestalt Therapy
Body awareness therapies
Psychodynamic therapies
Experiential therapies
At the Cognitive Level
Rational-emotive therapy
Information-giving
Problem-solving and decision-making
Transactional Analysis
At the Behavioral level
Behavior therapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
At the Interpersonal Level
Structural therapy
Strategic therapy
Intergenerational systems
Effective treatment plan
1.goals are clearly defined and reachable
Who is filling out this form? Please check one: Self _______Other_______ If other, what is your relationship to
this person? ____________________________
Looking back over the last week, including today, help us understand how you have been feeling by rating how
well
you have been doing in the following areas of your life, where marks to the left represent low levels and marks to
the right indicate high levels. If you are filling out this form for another person, please fill out according to how
you think he or she
is doing.
Individually
(Personal well-being)
I----------------------------------------------------------------------I
Interpersonally
(Family, close relationships)
I----------------------------------------------------------------------I
Socially
(Work, school, friendships)
I----------------------------------------------------------------------I
Overall
(General sense of well-being)
I----------------------------------------------------------------------I
Support Groups: These deal with special populations and deal with
specific issues and offer support, comfort, and connectedness to
others.
Groups help members see that they are not the only one
who has that particular problem or issue.
Development of Socializing
Techniques
Stages in Group Counseling
1.(Orientation/Forming): Group members become oriented
to the group and to each other.
2.(Transition/Storming): Anxiety and ambiguity become
prevalent as group members struggle to define
themselves and group norms. This stage is often
characterized by conflict.
3.(Cohesiveness): A therapeutic alliance forms between
group members. Trust between members has been
established.
4. (Working/Performing): Group members experiment with
new ideas, behaviors or ways of thinking. Egalitarianism
develops.
5.(Adjourning/Terminating): This is the time when the
group disbands.
Leadership Styles
Keep Smiling.