APPLICATION OF GIS IN

OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

INTRODUCTION
The Oil and Gas industry is driven by an estimated 80% data that has a
spatial component.

This is the only industry that harnesses spatial information at every stage of
the life-cycle, beginning with opportunity analysis and exploration, through
appraisal and production, right up to the abandonment phase.

So companies are beginning to understand the importance of geospatial

to maximize ROI as well as minimize risks.

Beginning with the integration of spatial databases within existing systems,

the oil and gas sector has also begun looking at software companies to
come up with industry-specific software, tools and models to maximize
value from their investments.
WELL PLANNING AND ACQUISITION

Basin Analysis map of potential hydrocarbon accumulations; hydrological

modeling; sub-surface secondary fluid migration network mapping; flow
direction flow accumulation mapping across DEM; potential migration
pathways, etc.
Play Analysis risk segment mapping for each petroleum play element;
regional risk mapping; geological maps; ground truthing or validating imagery
through field surveys
Acreage Analysis rapid evaluation and gradation of opportunities using multi-
disciplinary asset data and assigning weightings and criteria; ranking of
acreage, petroleum leases, blocks and companies; exploration statistics in
visual platform, etc.
Prospect Analysis hydrocarbon reserve or volume estimation; raster analysis
based deterministic prospect volume of petroleum reservoirs; reserve estimation
and spatial analysis of well data in unconventional hydrocarbon, like shale, and
so on.
SEISMIC PLANNING
Terrain analysis; seismic survey maps and data; satellite image processing
and spatial analysis; etc.
EXPLORATION

Well Planning well planning around multiple drilling constraints; GIS tools
used in well pattern optimization workflows.
Drilling spatial analysis within GIS for optimized well drilling patterns and
efficient configurations.
Production GIS allows data integration and visualization of production
volumes, injection rates and recovery efficiency in near real-time
Exploration (Onshore) visual framework for exploration across assets; 3D
modeling of geological, geophysical and petro-physical hierarchical data
Exploration (Offshore) bathymetry mapping; sea floor surveys; shipping
lane maps with data integration; 3D seismic analysis; on-demand satellite
image processing for offshore mapping and exploration activities
FIELD OPERATION

GIS supports drilling around surface and geologic constraints

Improved field production efficiencies for whole reservoirs /basins

Data integration and visualization in real time for production dashboards,

coordinated workflows and personnel across rig sites

Dynamic Hazard modelling for resource allocation

Asset tracking in real time; updated DEMs to help detect subsidence

caused by extraction and much more.
 DISTRIBUTION AND PIPELINE ROUTING
AND MANAGEMENT

Least cost path analysis for distribution network

Network analysis for environment friendly and cost effective routes

Pipeline monitoring for geo-hazards and leaks

Tracking of inspections using remotely acquired data

Monitoring and analysis of spatially dispersed data in real-time

Seafloor geodesy and asset management in offshore operations, etc.

LEAST COST PATH ANALYSIS OF PIPELINE
 VEHICLE (OIL TANKERS)/ FLEET
TRACKING
A GIS ecosystem supports tracking of valuable assets in a capital intensive
sector. The precise location of vehicles and ships ensures timely delivery of
goods and services, as well as efficient emergency response

It incorporates both GIS and GPS together for this application.

With the help of GIS digitising of the road maps are done. Here map data is
also collected from surveyors office and satellite images from ISRO.

With the help of a GPS receiver, the vehicle can be tracked with required
accuracy.
GIS IN DECOMMISSIONING
When a oil well reaches the end of its useful life it is decommissioned,
cleaned up, and knocked down so that the site on which it stood can be
made available for other uses.

Using GIS, the field team responsible for decommissioning the facility can
input data about the site, the materials contained there, and other
impacting factors.

Using the data gathered, they can then analyse and interpret the data to
estimate the time, cost, and amount of waste generated.

This allows them to pick the least expensive, time-consuming, and

dangerous method in which they will clean up and dismantle the facility
BENEFITS OF GIS IN OIL AND GAS
Empowers decision making which acreage or play to enter, how to
shorten portfolio workflows, how to plan the optimal pipeline route,
integrate results of seismic survey, planning emergency response, better
management of facilities, manage pipeline outage and leaks, etc.

Supports future action and ongoing exploration activities By standardizing

processes and reducing technical uncertainty, GIS improves exploration
efficiency. The GIS framework models a consistent exploration processes
across all assets within the company. This supports a consistent, auditable
corporate prospect portfolio, for ongoing portfolio decisions.

Improved communication across spatially dispersed locations

Record keeping the huge data loaded in centralized GIS builds a strong
framework for managing data with full transaction support and reporting
tools.
BENEFITS OF GIS IN OIL AND GAS
Cost saving an estimate of 10-30 per cent cut in operational costs,
prevention and management of incidental or accidental costs, efficient
pipeline and fleet management saves costs, optimized drilling and
operation workflows enhances ROI, and so on.

Seamless management with a real-time mapping visualization and analysis

of remote /offshore sites, operations and assets

Increased efficiencies multi disciplinary data integration for risk

assessment and uncertainty, better access for cutting wasteful downtime,
optimized maintenance schedules; monitoring and analysis of daily fleet
movements in real time, least cost path analysis for pipeline routing,
standardized portfolio workflows, cutting down decision cycle times, etc.
 CONCLUSION

The Oil and Gas industry has been a comparative late comer to GIS. However,
it is fast emerging as the industry with the highest potential of GIS application
through the entire life-cycle. Whats more, it enables a seamless integration of
geospatial technologies like UAV, sensors, and existing computer systems
within the GIS framework. This is helping companies compete in the global
race to unlock new energy sources and maximize value from its assets